RESTORATION OF MANGROVE AREAS: MORE THAN JUST A GREENING INITIATIVE

RESTORATION OF MANGROVE AREAS: MORE THAN JUST A GREENING INITIATIVE How serious are we about restoring our former mangrove areas? That is a question that deserves an honest and urgent discussion. We often talk about reforestation in upland areas, but what about the coastal ecosystems that protect our shorelines, support marine life, and sustain local livelihoods? Mangroves: A Forgotten Priority? When we speak of restoring mangroves, we must also consider former swamplands that have been converted into farmlands and fishponds. While some of these lands remain commercially productive and should continue to be used for their current purpose, vacant spaces within these areas should be repurposed for mangrove reforestation. This is a practical and balanced approach that considers both environmental and economic interests. Additionally, many rivers near the sea contain brackish water, making them suitable for mangrove planting along easement areas. Legally, easement areas remain public lands, though there have been many cases where such lands have been titled as private property. A reasonable compromise would be to require landowners or developers to plant mangroves in the vacant riverbank spaces within their vicinity. This ensures that the environmental benefits of mangroves are maintained while respecting property rights. Time’s Up for Undeveloped Concessions A critical policy change that should be considered is a statute of limitations for farmland and fishpond concessions in former swamplands. If concessionaires fail to develop these areas within a given period, the government should revoke their concessions and reclassify these lands for mangrove restoration. Measuring Progress: Where Are the Mangroves? Mangrove restoration is already part of the National Greening Program (NGP), but how many mangrove trees have actually been planted? The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) should be transparent and provide specific data on mangrove reforestation efforts. We often hear ambitious tree-planting targets, but how many of those trees actually survive? Involving Indigenous Tribal Peoples (ITPs) Restoring mangroves is not just about planting trees—it’s about empowering communities. Indigenous Tribal Peoples (ITPs), who have long lived in swamplands and coastal areas, should be given financial and technical grants to actively participate in the NGP. They have traditional knowledge of these ecosystems, and with proper support, they can become effective stewards of mangrove forests. Mangroves and Fisheries: A Perfect Partnership One of the best ways to promote mangrove restoration is to emphasize its economic benefits. Did you know that fishponds and mangrove forests can co-exist and even complement each other? Mangroves provide nursery grounds for fish and crustaceans, which in turn supports fisheries and improves local incomes. In fact, mangrove forests can even be developed into eco-tourism attractions. If properly maintained, they can become sanctuaries for bird species, attracting bird watchers and nature enthusiasts. Some countries measure the success of mangrove restoration by recording bird calls, while others, like Singapore, use cameras to monitor wildlife presence in their urban wetlands. The Philippines could follow these best practices to track progress. Interagency Collaboration: A Missing Link Mangrove restoration cannot be handled by just one agency. It requires collaboration between multiple government offices, scientific institutions, and the private sector. To make this happen, the government should establish Technical Working Groups (TWGs) or coordinating councils that bring together the following agencies: DENR – Overall lead agency for reforestation and land management Forest Management Bureau (FMB) – Overseeing mangrove conservation Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) – Ensuring sustainable fishery practices Department of Science and Technology (DOST) – Providing research and technology support Forest Products Research and Development Institute (FPRDI) – Studying the sustainable use of mangrove resources Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) – Using satellite data to monitor mangrove growth UP College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences (CFOS) and UP College of Forestry and Natural Resources (CFNR) – Providing research-based guidance Department of Agriculture (DA) – Exploring crops that can thrive in mangrove forests (e.g., coffee and cacao) Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) – Supporting value-added processing of fish and other marine products Even if CFOS is in Iloilo and CFNR is in Laguna, they should collaborate because mangrove forests directly impact fishery resources. The Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA), in partnership with DENR, should also develop an online database tracking the growth of mangrove forests nationwide in real time. An Interdisciplinary, Interagency, and Intersectoral Mission Restoring mangrove areas should not be treated as an isolated environmental project. It must be recognized as a multi-sectoral initiative that contributes to: Environmental protection – Preventing coastal erosion, acting as natural storm barriers Food security – Supporting fisheries and marine biodiversity Disaster mitigation – Reducing storm surges and coastal flooding Community livelihood – Providing sustainable sources of income Climate change adaptation – Absorbing carbon and reducing global warming effects This is not just about planting trees—it’s about securing our future. If we are truly serious about restoring our mangrove areas, we need bold policies, strong partnerships, and measurable outcomes. The time for talk is over—it’s time to act. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 03-01-2025

GOOD PRACTICES OF MEASURING POVERTY RATES

GOOD PRACTICES OF MEASURING POVERTY RATES Is the Philippines Measuring Poverty Accurately? Poverty measurement has long been a crucial issue in the Philippines. With millions of Filipinos struggling to meet their daily needs, the question remains: Are we measuring poverty accurately, and are we using the right tools to address it? The Philippine government, primarily through the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), determines poverty rates using various methodologies. Traditionally, the measurement focused on a basic "basket of goods", determining the minimum income needed to afford essential food and non-food items. But with economic changes and the evolving needs of Filipinos, is this method still relevant? The "Imaginary Basket of Goods": Outdated or Still Effective? One of the longstanding methods of poverty measurement in the country is the food threshold approach, where the government sets a minimum amount needed for a person to afford a basic set of goods. But critics argue: Who decides what goes into this basket? With the rising importance of internet access and mobile communication, should cell phone loads and Wi-Fi costs be included? In a digital age, access to information and communication is no longer a luxury but a necessity for education and livelihood. Does the Philippines Use the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)? Many countries have shifted towards the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), which considers not just income but also health, education, and living standards. This method is widely used in India, Mexico, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and many others. The Philippines has started exploring MPI, but is it fully integrated into national poverty assessments? More importantly, are local government units (LGUs) required to measure their own local poverty rates? Should mayors and governors be mandated to know and address their own locality’s poverty situation? Perhaps linking poverty reduction to Internal Revenue Allocations (IRAs) could incentivize LGUs to prioritize poverty reduction efforts. Is There a Link Between Poverty, Inflation, and Wages? Economic data shows a clear relationship between poverty rates, inflation, and wages. If inflation rises but minimum wages do not, more people fall below the poverty line. Shouldn’t those earning the minimum wage automatically be above the poverty threshold? If not, then either our minimum wage is too low, or our poverty threshold is unrealistically set. Who Ensures That Poverty Data is Accurate? The PSA is the official agency monitoring poverty, but is there a third-party organization validating these figures? Can international bodies like the United Nations (UN) or the Asian Development Bank (ADB) question or verify the accuracy of the reported poverty rates? Transparency and accountability in poverty measurement are essential in ensuring that policies are based on real data. Human Development Index (HDI) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Beyond MPI, the HDI—which includes life expectancy, education, and income—is another widely used poverty measurement. The Philippines reports its HDI, but how closely does it align with our poverty statistics? Moreover, how does the country's poverty reduction strategy align with the SDGs? Can Zero Poverty Be Achieved? Is it realistic to aim for zero poverty at the local level? Some countries and cities have made significant strides in eradicating extreme poverty through localized approaches, social programs, and economic development strategies. Could Philippine LGUs take inspiration from these best practices? The Need for a Bottom-Up Approach Should the Philippines adopt a bottom-to-top approach in poverty measurement—where local data is aggregated into the national level rather than relying solely on centralized estimates? A more localized and community-based method could lead to better-targeted solutions. Conclusion: Rethinking Poverty Measurement for Better Solutions Measuring poverty is more than just statistics—it’s about understanding the real struggles of Filipinos and ensuring that policies truly uplift those in need. With inflation, technological advancements, and changing economic conditions, poverty measurement must also evolve. The question remains: Is the Philippines ready to adopt a more comprehensive and reliable way of measuring and addressing poverty? Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-28-2025

COOPERATIVES MEMBERS CAN SAVE MONEY AND MAKE MONEY ALSO

COOPERATIVES MEMBERS CAN SAVE MONEY AND MAKE MONEY ALSO Cooperatives in the Philippines play a crucial role in economic empowerment, financial inclusion, and social progress. Yet, many Filipinos still ask: "Are cooperatives truly beneficial? How do they help members save and earn money?" Let's explore the opportunities and challenges facing cooperatives today. What Exactly Are Cooperatives? Cooperatives are member-owned organizations that pool resources to provide goods and services at better rates. They exist in various sectors, including agriculture, transportation, electricity, and finance. But here’s an important question: Are transport cooperatives considered real cooperatives? The answer is yes! Transport cooperatives, such as jeepney and tricycle operators' coops, function like any other cooperative—by pooling resources, sharing profits, and providing benefits to members. Transport coops are under the Office of Transport Cooperatives (OTC) and not the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA). As of 2023, there were over 104,950 registered cooperatives in the Philippines, according to the CDA. But what about electric cooperatives—are they included in this count? Many electric cooperatives operate under a different regulatory framework but still adhere to cooperative principles. Electric coops are under the National Electrification Administration (NEA) and not the CDA. How Can Cooperative Members Save Money? One of the biggest benefits of joining a cooperative is the ability to save money through: Lower Costs on Goods and Services – Buying in bulk or as a group means cooperatives can negotiate better prices for members. Dividends and Patronage Refunds – Members receive a share of the cooperative's profits at the end of the year. Affordable Loans – Credit cooperatives provide low-interest loans compared to traditional banks. How Can Cooperative Members Make Money? Cooperatives also provide earning opportunities through: Profit-sharing – Members get a share of the coop’s net income. Business Ventures – Many multipurpose cooperatives run businesses in agriculture, transport, retail, and finance. Employment Opportunities – Cooperatives hire members, giving them stable incomes. What is the Total Number of Cooperative Members in the Philippines? Would you believe that practically one out of every ten Filipinos is a member of a cooperative? The latest figures suggest that around 10.7 million Filipinos are actively involved in the cooperative movement. Are Cooperatives Considered SMEs? Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and cooperatives share similarities, but they operate differently. Some coops function like SMEs, but cooperatives focus more on member welfare rather than pure profit. Are LGUs Required to Support Cooperatives? Under Republic Act 7160 (Local Government Code of 1991), Local Government Units (LGUs) are encouraged to promote cooperative development. However, a key question arises: Should cooperative offices be separate from SME development offices? Many argue that they should, as cooperatives operate on a unique set of principles compared to regular businesses. Who Are the Big Players in the Cooperative Sector? 🔹 NATCCO (National Confederation of Cooperatives) – A major secondary cooperative that focuses on training, education, and financial services. 🔹 Philippine Cooperative Center (PCC) – An umbrella organization that represents cooperatives at the national level. But what about tertiary cooperatives? An example of a tertiary cooperative in the Philippines is the Philippine Cooperative Center (PCC), which serves as an advocacy body for cooperatives nationwide. How Do Multi-Purpose Coops Differ from Regular Coops? A multi-purpose cooperative offers diverse services like credit, consumer goods, and business support, while a regular cooperative focuses on a single function, such as savings and loans. What Are the Best Practices of Cooperatives in Other Countries? Countries like Spain, Japan, and Canada have strong cooperative movements. Some best practices include: Government Support – Spain’s Mondragon Corporation thrives due to policies supporting worker cooperatives. Technology Integration – Cooperatives in Canada use digital banking and e-commerce platforms to serve members better. Sustainability Initiatives – Japanese agricultural cooperatives promote eco-friendly farming and supply chain efficiency. Final Thoughts: The Power of Cooperatives Cooperatives empower Filipinos to save money, earn income, and build stronger communities. However, there’s still room for improvement. Should the government do more to support cooperatives? Should local offices be separate from SME offices? These are questions that policymakers need to address. One thing is certain: the cooperative movement in the Philippines is growing stronger, and with proper support and innovation, it can play a key role in the country’s economic future. Are you ready to join a cooperative today? Let me know. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-27-2025

CONVERTING WASTE PLASTIC INTO HYDROGEN FUEL: A GAME CHANGER FOR THE PHILIPPINES

CONVERTING WASTE PLASTIC INTO HYDROGEN FUEL: A GAME CHANGER FOR THE PHILIPPINES Plastic waste is one of the biggest environmental challenges in the Philippines. With less than 30% of plastic waste being recycled or upcycled, the rest ends up clogging rivers, polluting our oceans, or being burned—releasing toxic chemicals into the air. This has led to alarming levels of microplastic contamination in marine life, which eventually enters our food chain. Who is Responsible for Plastic Waste Management? Despite existing regulations, plastic waste continues to accumulate in our waterways. The question is: which agency should be accountable for controlling the entry of plastic into our rivers, lakes, and seas? Is it the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)? The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR)? The Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)? Should the PNP Maritime Command or Philippine Coast Guard step in? Does the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) monitor microplastics in fish and seafood? Does the Department of Health (DOH) have a fish inspection service, like the National Meat Inspection Service? This issue requires stronger coordination among agencies, not just in monitoring waste, but also in finding sustainable solutions. Turning Plastic Waste into Hydrogen Fuel One promising solution is converting waste plastic into hydrogen fuel. Scientists in Japan, the US, the UK, and South Korea have already developed technologies to break down plastic and extract hydrogen—a clean energy source. Recently, researchers at Kyushu University in Japan developed a new photocatalyst that can break down plastic and produce hydrogen more efficiently. Other methods include pyrolysis, gasification, and catalytic reforming, all of which have been tested in different countries. If the Philippines adopts this technology, we can: 1. Reduce the volume of plastic waste polluting our environment. 2. Cut down our dependence on imported fuel. 3. Create a new industry for clean energy production. 4. Create new livelihood for waste recyclers. What Should the Philippines Do? The government must act now. We already have the science and technology available—what we need is a strategic plan. Here’s what we can do: 1. Contact the Japanese scientists who have developed this technology. 2. Create a Technical Working Group (TWG) composed of DFA, DTI, DOST, DOE, and DENR to study its feasibility. 3. Instruct our Embassy in Tokyo to engage directly with the inventors, as part of our economic diplomacy efforts. 4. Invest in Filipino scientists and engineers to develop our own version of this technology. 5. Integrate waste-to-hydrogen projects into our national energy strategy. The Future of Hydrogen in the Philippines Hydrogen fuel is gaining global attention. Even Tesla Motors, under Elon Musk, has been exploring hydrogen energy innovations. If we can develop a local supply of hydrogen fuel, it will significantly impact our fuel imports, energy security, and environmental sustainability. By acting now, the Philippines can lead Southeast Asia in plastic-to-hydrogen conversion, tackling two critical issues at once: plastic pollution and energy security. This is not just an environmental concern—it’s an economic opportunity we cannot afford to ignore. Would you support a government initiative to turn plastic waste into fuel? Let’s push for innovation and sustainability in the Philippines. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-26-2025

THE PROTOCOL FOR REVIVING COLD CRIMINAL CASES

THE PROTOCOL FOR REVIVING COLD CRIMINAL CASES The pursuit of justice does not come with an expiration date. Every unsolved crime represents a lingering wound in society—a case file gathering dust while victims’ families wait for answers. The good news is that the legal framework to revive cold criminal cases in the Philippines is already in place. The bad news? The organizational structures and resources required to operationalize these protocols remain weak and underfunded. Cold Cases: A Justice System’s Unfinished Business Cold cases—unsolved criminal investigations that remain open due to a lack of evidence or leads—are a growing challenge for law enforcement agencies worldwide. In the Philippines, authorities are already overwhelmed with ongoing or “live” cases, leaving cold cases on the back burner. However, new evidence, such as advancements in DNA technology, can bring fresh hope to long-dormant investigations. The Legal Foundation is There—Now What? The Philippine National Police (PNP) and the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) already have the legal mandate to revive cold cases when new leads emerge. However, without a dedicated system, these cases often remain untouched. Other countries, like the United States and the United Kingdom, have dedicated Cold Case Units that routinely re-examine old cases with fresh forensic techniques. Why can’t we do the same? Strengthening the Infrastructure for Cold Cases To effectively revive cold cases, we must bolster the capabilities of our law enforcement agencies. Some key recommendations include: 1. Establishing Cold Case Units in Every City and Municipality o These units should be backed by provincial and regional offices to ensure a nationwide coordinated effort. 2. Strengthening DNA Forensic Laboratories at the Provincial Level o DNA evidence has been instrumental in exonerating wrongfully convicted individuals and identifying perpetrators years after a crime was committed. Investing in forensic capabilities is non-negotiable. 3. Integrating Cold Case Investigations into Law Enforcement Training o The Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) should incorporate cold case methodologies in its curriculum, with career officers undergoing regular refresher courses. 4. Legislating Budget Allocations for Cold Case Investigations o Dedicated government funding is needed to support cold case units, advanced forensic tools, and digital investigative techniques. 5. Encouraging Public Participation and Whistleblower Protection o Many cold cases remain unsolved because witnesses fear retaliation. Strengthening witness protection laws and offering incentives for information could encourage people to come forward. A Justice System That Never Gives Up Countries that prioritize cold case investigations have seen remarkable breakthroughs decades after crimes were committed. In the United States, the advent of genetic genealogy has led to the resolution of cases from the 1970s and 1980s. In the UK, routine case reviews and advances in forensic science have helped deliver long-overdue justice. With the right resources, political will, and institutional commitment, the Philippines can ensure that no case is ever truly “closed” until justice is served. If evidence exists, if witnesses still remember, and if technology can reveal new truths, then we owe it to the victims and their families to keep searching for answers. Justice delayed should never mean justice denied. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-25-2025

PROS AND CONS OF PRICE CONTROLS: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD

PROS AND CONS OF PRICE CONTROLS: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD Price controls, particularly in the form of Suggested Retail Prices (SRPs), are among the most hotly debated economic policies. While they may appear as a simple and immediate solution to rising prices, their long-term consequences are far more complex. Are they truly beneficial, or are they just another political maneuver that does more harm than good? Why Do Governments Impose SRPs? SRPs are often implemented as a temporary measure to control inflation and prevent social unrest. In countries like the Philippines, where the cost of basic goods can fluctuate wildly due to supply chain disruptions, government intervention through SRPs is seen as a means to protect consumers from price gouging. Historically, the Philippine government has relied on SRPs to maintain affordability. The origins of price control in the country date back to the Price Act of 1952, but it was under President Ferdinand Marcos, Sr. that price-setting policies became more pronounced with Presidential Decree No. 825 (1975) and Executive Order No. 284 (1987). These regulations aimed to ensure fair pricing and prevent profiteering, particularly for essential goods. Short-Term Benefits of SRPs 1. Immediate relief for consumers – By capping prices, SRPs prevent excessive markups, ensuring that the public can still afford essential goods. 2. Inflation control – Governments argue that by setting SRPs, they can slow down inflation, particularly for staple goods like rice and fuel. 3. Political stability – SRPs can be a strategic move to appease the public and prevent protests or civil unrest triggered by rising costs. The Downside: Market Distortions and Long-Term Risks While SRPs may sound beneficial, they contradict free-market principles where prices are dictated by supply and demand rather than government intervention. In a truly free economy, there is no such thing as hoarding or overstocking—prices naturally adjust based on market forces. However, price controls disrupt this balance, leading to unintended consequences such as: 1. Supply Shortages – If prices are artificially kept low, businesses may reduce production or stockpile goods, creating scarcity. In the worst cases, this forces consumers to turn to black markets, where prices are even higher. 2. Hindrance to Competition – When price ceilings are enforced, businesses lose the incentive to innovate or improve efficiency. Instead of competing on quality and cost-effectiveness, they are constrained by government mandates. 3. Encouraging Smuggling and Black Markets – If local prices are kept too low, traders may prefer exporting their goods or resort to illegal imports, undermining domestic industries. 4. Dependency on Government Intervention – Frequent use of SRPs fosters a culture where businesses and consumers rely on the government for price stability instead of market-driven solutions. Alternatives to Direct Price Controls For economies that value free-market mechanisms, there are ways to influence prices without direct intervention: 1. Government Subsidies – Instead of imposing SRPs, democratic governments can offer subsidies to lower the cost of essential goods without distorting the market. 2. Competing in the Market – The Kadiwa Program and the National Food Authority (NFA) already sell goods at controlled prices, proving that the government can compete in the market rather than regulate it from the outside. 3. Quid Pro Quo with Traders – Instead of forcing price caps, the government can negotiate with suppliers by offering tax incentives or subsidies in exchange for voluntary price reductions. 4. Consolidated Rice Imports – If the government imports goods in bulk, economies of scale can naturally bring down retail prices without enforcing SRPs. Do SRPs Actually Control Inflation? While SRPs may offer a temporary break from rising prices, they are not a long-term solution to inflation. Studies from organizations like the IMF and World Bank have shown that price controls often lead to: Artificial price distortions that mask the real state of the economy. Inefficiencies in the allocation of resources. Increased reliance on subsidies, which can strain government budgets in the long run. More effective anti-inflationary measures include: Monetary Policy Tools – Adjusting interest rates and money supply to control inflation at the source. Fiscal Discipline – Reducing government spending and deficits to prevent excessive money printing. Supply-Side Reforms – Investing in infrastructure, education, and competition to drive efficiency and productivity. Are SRPs Just Populist Gimmicks? SRPs and similar price control measures are often criticized as populist programs that are shallow and short-lived. They provide quick relief, but at what cost? If implemented without careful economic planning, they can do more harm than good. Instead of relying on government-imposed price controls, the focus should be on structural reforms that ensure long-term price stability and market efficiency. A stronger economy is built not on artificial price caps but on policies that foster competition, innovation, and fair trade. At the end of the day, price controls are double-edged swords. While they may temporarily shield consumers from price shocks, they also risk destabilizing the economy in the long run. The real challenge is finding the balance between consumer protection and free-market principles—without falling into the trap of short-term political gains. Would you rather have a government that dictates prices or one that empowers businesses and consumers to thrive on their own? That is the real question policymakers must answer. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-24-2025

PREPARING FOR USAID PROJECT WITHDRAWALS

PREPARING FOR USAID PROJECT WITHDRAWALS The recent foreign policy shifts under returning U.S. President Donald Trump have significantly impacted global development aid, including USAID’s programs in the Philippines. With the United States reassessing its foreign assistance policies, it is already certain that USAID funding for the Philippines will be cut. This could lead to the slowdown—or even the complete shutdown—of various projects that have been instrumental in supporting economic development, governance, health, education, and infrastructure in the country. A Call for Proactive Government Action The Philippine government cannot afford to wait until the last minute to respond. The potential withdrawal of USAID projects must be addressed now, not when funding officially stops. A well-planned transition strategy is necessary to prevent gaps in critical services and ensure that the country’s development momentum is not disrupted. Steps the Government Must Take Immediately 1. Assigning Government Agencies to Take Over Projects o The Cabinet must meet as soon as possible to identify which agencies or departments should take over the functions of USAID-funded projects. o The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), and Department of Health (DOH) should be involved in these discussions. o It might be necessary to assign an overall coordinator within the Office of the President to oversee the transition. 2. Creating a Technical Working Group (TWG) o The TWG, composed of DFA, NEDA, DTI, DILG, DOH, and other relevant agencies, should formulate a transition plan to absorb essential USAID-supported programs. 3. Prioritizing the Most Important Projects o If the government cannot fully replace USAID funding, it must prioritize where to allocate resources. o Health and education should be at the top of the list, as they have long-term impacts on national development. o The Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) can serve as the primary basis for setting these priorities. o The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) should be a secondary guide for decision-making. 4. Involving the Regional Development Councils (RDCs) o The RDCs must be engaged to ensure that local needs are addressed efficiently and that the transition strategy aligns with regional development plans. 5. Avoiding Duplication of Foreign Aid Efforts o The Philippines also receives assistance from other international donors, such as JICA (Japan), AusAid (Australia), and CIDA (Canada). o Efforts must be made to eliminate redundancies and ensure that aid is distributed where it is needed most. How Much Will the Philippines Lose? USAID has invested nearly ₱290 billion in the Philippines over the past six decades. However, the exact amount yet to be disbursed remains unclear. If USAID funding is cut, the Philippines stands to lose billions in development support, affecting key sectors such as: Economic Growth and Trade Healthcare and Nutrition Education and Youth Development Disaster Resilience and Climate Adaptation Infrastructure and Governance Key USAID Projects That Could Be Affected Here are some of the USAID projects currently operating in the Philippines, along with their budgets: 1. Investment Enabling Environment (INVEST) Project o Budget: ₱132.4 million ($3.23 million) o Goal: Improve the business climate and encourage private investment. 2. Trade-Related Assistance for Development (TRADE) Project o Budget: $12.84 million o Goal: Enhance the Philippines’ global trade competitiveness. 3. Tuberculosis (TB) Project o Budget: $22 million (FY 2023) o Goal: Strengthen TB detection, treatment, and community-based healthcare. 4. Safe Water Project o Budget: Not specified o Goal: Improve access to clean water for Filipino communities. 5. Local Initiatives for Affordable Wastewater Treatment (LINAW-1) o Budget: Not specified o Goal: Develop cost-effective wastewater treatment solutions. 6. Expanding Access to Community-Based Drug Rehabilitation (RenewHealth) o Budget: Part of broader health sector investments. o Goal: Support community-based recovery programs for drug rehabilitation. 7. Initiative for Advancing Community Transformation (I-ACT) o Budget: $7.98 million o Goal: Improve governance and civic engagement in multiple regions. 8. Opportunity 2.0 o Budget: Not explicitly stated o Goal: Provide skills training and work opportunities for 180,000 out-of-school youth. Prioritizing Child Nutrition and Malnutrition Prevention One of the most critical areas that must not suffer from funding cuts is child nutrition. Malnutrition, particularly stunting and wasting, has long-term effects on children’s cognitive and physical development. The government must ensure continued investment in nutrition programs by: Expanding school-based feeding programs Providing direct support to mothers and children through health centers Strengthening local dairy farming initiatives to increase milk production Final Thoughts: A Wake-Up Call for Self-Sufficiency The potential reduction or withdrawal of USAID funding is a wake-up call for the Philippines to become less dependent on foreign aid. The government must take immediate, proactive steps to manage the transition and ensure that no critical programs are left without support. The question now is not whether USAID funding will be cut—but how prepared the Philippine government is to respond. Will we act now, or will we wait until it's too late? Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-23-2025

THE LOGIC OF LOCAL MILK PRODUCTION

THE LOGIC OF LOCAL MILK PRODUCTION I am neither a dairy farmer nor a statistician, but common sense tells me that if we are importing 99% of our local milk demand, it must be good business to go into local milk production. I am also not an economist, but I know enough to say that increasing local milk production is good for the economy. It would create jobs, support farmers, reduce dependence on imports, and most importantly, make milk more affordable for Filipino families. Who Should Invest in Local Milk Production? Billionaire businessmen like Ramon S. Ang and Manuel V. Pangilinan have already ventured into dairy farming. Given their success in various industries, why not convince the government to invest in their dairy operations? The same logic applies to the dozen or so small and medium-sized dairy companies in the country. If they are already producing milk despite limited resources, wouldn’t more investment help them scale up and reduce the 99% dependence on imported milk? An Agricultural Country That Imports 99% of Its Milk? Despite having agriculture as a key sector, we continue to import most of our milk. This makes milk expensive for everyone—especially for families with young children. The high cost of milk is a significant factor in child malnutrition in the country, contributing to both stunting (chronic malnutrition) and wasting (severe acute malnutrition). The reality is alarming: Stunting affects a child’s long-term growth and brain development. Wasting is an immediate and life-threatening condition. Both are preventable through better nutrition—starting with affordable and accessible milk. How Many Milking Cows Do We Actually Have? One of the biggest obstacles to local milk production is the limited number of dairy cows. The Philippine Statistics Authority does not explicitly state how many cows are actively producing milk, but rough estimates suggest around 20,000 milking cows nationwide. This number is far too low to meet the demand of a country with over 110 million people. The National Dairy Authority, the Department of Agriculture, and private investors must work together to expand local dairy farming by: 1. Providing incentives for dairy farmers to increase production. 2. Expanding breeding programs to grow the milking cow population. 3. Investing in modern dairy facilities to improve milk yield. 4. Encouraging cooperatives to support small-scale farmers. Who Are the Major Players in Local Dairy? There are several local companies producing fresh milk, but their combined output is still minimal. Some of the key players include: Magnolia Inc. (San Miguel Corporation) Carmen’s Best Alaska Milk Corporation Nestlé Philippines DVF Dairy Farm Laguna Creamery, Inc. Philippine Carabao Center Dairy Farm Alaminos Dairy Cooperative Bohol Dairy Cooperative In 2022, the Philippines produced only 24.38 million liters of milk—a mere fraction of our total demand. If the government truly wants to promote food security, shouldn’t boosting local milk production be a top priority? A Call for Action We cannot continue to claim that we are an agricultural country while importing 99% of our milk. If we want to raise a healthier, smarter, and more productive generation, we must invest in local milk production now. The logic is simple: more local milk means better nutrition, lower costs, and a stronger economy. So, what are we waiting for? Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-22-2025

WHOLISTIC DRUG ABUSE REHABILITATION: A CALL FOR BALANCED AND HUMANE SOLUTIONS

WHOLISTIC DRUG ABUSE REHABILITATION: A CALL FOR BALANCED AND HUMANE SOLUTIONS The fight against illegal drugs in the Philippines has been a long and controversial journey. Today, under President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., there are efforts to shift towards a more bloodless, humane and wholistic approach. From Punishment to Rehabilitation: A Necessary Shift One of the most critical questions we must ask is whether the government still relies primarily on police operations or if it has genuinely embraced community-based rehabilitation programs. While law enforcement remains essential in addressing illegal drug supply, addiction itself is a medical condition, not just a crime. Treating drug users as criminals instead of individuals needing help has led to fear-driven policies rather than sustainable solutions. Thankfully, there have been positive developments. The government has started expanding community-based drug rehabilitation programs (CBDRPs), with the goal of establishing them in all provinces, cities, municipalities, and barangays by 2028. But is this enough? A Persistent Police-Heavy Approach Despite these efforts, law enforcement operations continue to be at the forefront of the government’s anti-drug campaign. The Philippine National Police (PNP) and the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) are still conducting aggressive drug raids, often raising concerns about due process and human rights violations. This leads us to ask: Do the police still conduct home raids without search warrants? Are drug users considered criminals even before proven guilty? Has the government set clear, numerical targets for reducing illegal drug supply and the number of users? While President Marcos Jr. has instructed law enforcement to ensure “bloodless and humane” operations, human rights groups report that extrajudicial killings continue. This raises another crucial question: How effective is the coordination between law enforcement, rehabilitation centers, and the justice system? Tackling the Root Causes of Drug Use To truly address drug abuse, we must recognize the underlying social issues that fuel addiction. Studies have shown that poverty, lack of opportunities, and mental health struggles significantly contribute to drug dependence. However, has the government implemented enough programs to tackle these root causes? If drug use is poverty-related, then simply arresting users does nothing to address the problem. Instead, we need: Job creation programs for at-risk communities Expanded mental health services Stronger education and awareness campaigns, especially targeting youth Another key factor is preventing drug users from gaining access to illegal substances. But does the government know exactly where the supply of drugs is coming from? Are illegal drug laboratories still operating within the country? If so, what concrete steps are being taken to dismantle them? The Role of the Private Sector and Civil Society A wholistic approach to drug rehabilitation should not be the government’s responsibility alone. Private organizations, religious institutions, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have long been involved in helping rehabilitate drug users. The question is: Is there effective coordination between these groups and the government? Moreover, how well are the police trained in collecting and preserving evidence? Are there fair and transparent processes for prosecuting drug cases? In a country where the legal system often moves slowly, ensuring that law enforcement and the judiciary work together is crucial to prevent wrongful convictions and abuse of power. Looking Ahead: A Long Road to Drug Eradication Despite efforts to shift to a more rehabilitative approach, the Philippines still faces a long road in solving its drug problem. Some of the most pressing issues remain unanswered: Does the government have a clear timeline for eradicating illegal drugs? Has it been proven that crime rates are directly linked to drug use? Is there reliable data showing that sex crimes and other violent offenses are drug-related? While past administrations have made bold claims about eliminating illegal drugs within short timeframes, history has shown that a drug-free Philippines cannot be achieved overnight. Instead of relying on fear-driven campaigns, the government must invest in long-term, evidence-based policies that balance law enforcement with public health strategies. Final Thoughts: A Call for Compassionate, Effective Solutions The Philippines has seen the devastating consequences of a purely punitive approach to the drug crisis. While the current administration appears to be shifting towards rehabilitation, much remains to be done to ensure that drug addiction is treated as a public health issue rather than just a crime. A wholistic approach means prevention, rehabilitation, and law enforcement must go hand in hand. It requires a government that listens to medical experts, social workers, educators, and law enforcers—all working together to create real, lasting change. The question remains: Is the Philippines truly ready to embrace a more humane, effective approach to solving its drug problem? The answer to this will define the future of the country’s anti-drug campaign. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-21-2025

DO WE NEED PUBLIC INTEGRITY UNITS?

DO WE NEED PUBLIC INTEGRITY UNITS? Corruption remains one of the most pressing issues in the Philippines. Despite the presence of the Office of the Ombudsman, high-profile scandals involving elected officials, government agencies, and law enforcement continue to make headlines. This raises a critical question: Should we establish separate Public Integrity Units (PIUs) like those in the U.S. and in other countries? The Ombudsman vs. Public Integrity Units: What’s the Difference? The Philippines already has the Office of the Ombudsman, a constitutional body tasked with investigating and prosecuting government officials accused of corruption and misconduct. However, Public Integrity Units (PIUs) in the U.S. operate with a different focus. These units are typically part of the Department of Justice and specialize in investigating political corruption, election crimes, bribery, and misconduct within law enforcement. Could the Philippines benefit from a PIU that works alongside the Ombudsman rather than in competition with it? Such a unit could focus on elected officials—including senators and congressmen—ensuring accountability at the highest levels of government. A New Approach to Fighting Corruption? One proposal is to establish a Public Integrity Bureau (PIB) as a specialized unit under the Department of Justice. This bureau could absorb the former functions of the Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission (PACC), which was dissolved in 2022. Like the Public Integrity Section of the U.S. Department of Justice, this unit could focus on prosecuting bribery, election fraud, and abuses of power. Alternatively, the PIU could be set up as an independent agency, like the old Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG), which was tasked with recovering ill-gotten wealth. This approach would ensure that investigations remain free from political influence within the executive branch. Can There Ever Be Too Many Anti-Corruption Bodies? Some may argue that adding another agency could lead to bureaucratic redundancy. But when it comes to fighting corruption, can there ever be too many watchdogs? With billions lost to graft and corruption annually, ensuring multiple layers of accountability might be a necessary safeguard rather than a burden. A well-structured Public Integrity Unit could also address allegations of misconduct in law enforcement, ensuring that abuses of power within the police and military do not go unchecked. Many U.S. states and cities have PIUs dedicated specifically to investigating corruption and brutality within law enforcement agencies. Global Examples of Public Integrity Bodies Several countries have established specialized units to combat corruption: United States: The Public Integrity Section (PIN) of the U.S. Department of Justice investigates political corruption, election crimes, and misconduct by federal officials. United Kingdom: The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) and the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC) handle corruption cases. Canada: The Public Sector Integrity Commissioner investigates whistleblower complaints. Australia: The Australian Commission for Law Enforcement Integrity (ACLEI) ensures accountability within law enforcement. France: The National Financial Prosecutor’s Office (PNF) tackles financial crimes, including corruption. If other countries see the need for these units, why shouldn’t the Philippines? Final Thoughts Creating a Public Integrity Unit in the Philippines could be a game-changer in our fight against corruption. Whether under the DOJ or as an independent entity, such a unit could complement the Ombudsman by focusing on high-level political corruption and election crimes. The key, however, is to ensure that any new agency has real independence, the power to prosecute, and the resources to function effectively. Would a Public Integrity Unit make a difference in the Philippines? Or would it simply add to the list of agencies that fail to curb corruption? The answer depends on whether such a unit is truly independent and empowered to act—without fear or favor. What do you think? Is it time to take a new approach? Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-20-2025

HELPING FILIPINOS JAILED ABROAD

HELPING FILIPINOS JAILED ABROAD What should we do when a fellow Filipino is jailed in a foreign country? Should we simply say, "Kasalanan nila 'yan!" and leave them to their fate? Or do we recognize that, as citizens of our country, they still deserve assistance, regardless of the circumstances? The reality is that thousands of Filipinos are imprisoned abroad, many of them Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) who left home seeking better opportunities. As of recent reports, 3,827 Filipinos are in jails across 52 countries, with about 58 on death row in 11 nations, mostly facing drug-related charges. What Could the Philippine Government Do? The Philippine government has existing mechanisms to assist its jailed citizens abroad: The Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) has an Assistance-to-Nationals (ATN) Fund with an annual allocation of ₱200 million to provide legal and financial aid. The Department of Migrant Workers (DMW) also has its AKSYON Fund dedicated to helping OFWs. Since 1995, under Republic Act 8042 (Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act), the Legal Assistance Fund (LAF) was created to provide legal aid to Filipinos facing charges abroad. The DFA has retainer lawyers in key Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, and Qatar to represent detained Filipinos. Yet, with these programs in place, why do we only hear about Filipinos on death row when it's already too late? Are We Doing Enough? Unlike other nations that actively intervene on behalf of their jailed citizens, our efforts often seem too little, too late. Other countries have established stronger legal aid units, regular jail visitations by consular officials, and even prisoner exchange programs that allow their citizens to serve sentences in their home country. Does the Philippines have such agreements? If not, why not? Additionally, how updated is the DFA’s database of jailed Filipinos? While the government tracks those imprisoned, does this database include real-time updates on their cases? Who can access this information? More importantly, how can their families seek help if they are left in the dark? Beyond Legal Assistance: Other Possible Support Measures We must look beyond legal defense and consider other ways to help our imprisoned compatriots: Mandatory Jail Visits – Filipino consuls and labor attachés should be obliged to check on the welfare of our imprisoned countrymen regularly. Ambassadors, under the "Country Team Approach," must be held accountable for their well-being. Access to Medical Consultation – Filipino prisoners abroad should have teleconsultations with Filipino doctors to address their health concerns. Community Support – There should be a system allowing fellow Filipinos abroad to visit or assist their compatriots in jail through official channels. Support for Families Back Home – Families of detained OFWs face emotional and financial burdens. There should be government programs to assist them, including legal guidance, financial aid, and psychological support. A Gold Standard for Migration Protection The Philippines is globally recognized as a leader in migration protection, with other countries looking to learn from our policies. But we must practice what we preach and ensure that no Filipino is left alone and helpless in a foreign prison. Instead of waiting for last-minute clemency appeals, our government must take proactive steps to provide consistent and transparent legal and humanitarian assistance to Filipinos behind bars. Because at the end of the day, a Filipino—no matter where in the world—remains a Filipino. And that alone should be enough reason to help. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-19-2025

IS THERE A MENTAL HEALTH CRISIS IN THE PHILIPPINES?

IS THERE A MENTAL HEALTH CRISIS IN THE PHILIPPINES? Mental health is increasingly becoming a major concern in the Philippines, with mounting evidence suggesting that the country is already amid a mental health crisis. Despite various efforts to address the issue, a combination of socio-economic, environmental, and systemic factors continues to exacerbate the situation. Climate Change and Mental Health: An Overlooked Factor While the impact of socio-economic struggles and the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health is widely acknowledged, very few scientists and policymakers in the Philippines have explored the connection between climate change and mental health issues. Dr. John Janir Benzon Aruta is leading research in this area, arguing that climate anxiety can contribute to moderate or severe mental health conditions. Dr. Aruta highlights a critical concern: the lack of access to the internet in many parts of the country prevents people from learning about climate change and its mental health implications. Furthermore, research indicates that some victims of climate-related disasters feel betrayed by the government, a sentiment that can lead to depression and long-term psychological distress. Shortage of Mental Health Professionals One of the most pressing challenges in addressing the mental health crisis is the severe shortage of mental health professionals. As of 2023, the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) reported that there are approximately 1,530 registered mental health professionals in the country, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and other practitioners. However, the exact number of psychiatrists and psychologists separately remains unclear in public sources. This translates to fewer than one mental health worker for every 100,000 Filipinos, a dire statistic that highlights the urgent need for increased investment in mental health services. Without sufficient professionals, many individuals suffering from mental health conditions are left without proper care and support. The Philippine Mental Health Act: Progress and Gaps The Philippine Mental Health Act (Republic Act No. 11036), signed into law in 2018, was a landmark step towards improving mental health services in the country. The law aims to: Strengthen leadership and governance for mental health policies and programs. Establish a comprehensive mental health care system. Protect the rights of individuals with psychiatric, neurologic, and psychosocial needs. Integrate mental health care into basic health services, educational institutions, workplaces, and communities. Despite these promising objectives, implementation has been slow. A lack of public awareness and inadequate funding have hindered progress. Many families of individuals struggling with mental health conditions remain unaware of where to seek help or what resources are available to them. The law’s Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) were issued in 2019, yet widespread dissemination of this information is still lacking. The Reality of Mental Health in the Philippines The crisis is reflected in statistics: Approximately 12.5 million Filipinos suffer from mental health conditions, with anxiety and depression being the most common. 73% of Filipino Gen-Zs report struggling with mental health issues, highlighting a particularly vulnerable demographic. The COVID-19 pandemic has further worsened mental health issues, increasing rates of anxiety, depression, and suicide. Reports indicate that 404 students died by suicide during the 2021-2022 academic year, a deeply alarming trend. Contributing Factors to the Crisis Several key factors exacerbate the mental health crisis: Stigma and Social Pressures: About 70% of individuals with mental health conditions feel pressured to hide their struggles due to societal expectations. Limited Resources: The severe shortage of mental health professionals makes accessing care incredibly difficult. Poverty and Socio-Economic Challenges: Financial stress and social inequalities contribute to poor mental health. Natural Disasters and Climate Change: Frequent calamities lead to trauma and psychological distress, with inadequate post-disaster mental health support. Addressing the Mental Health Crisis Mental health advocates stress the importance of a comprehensive approach to tackle the crisis. Some crucial steps include: Stronger Implementation of the Mental Health Act: The government must expedite the integration of mental health services into public health and ensure proper funding. Expanding Mental Health Services: The country needs more trained mental health professionals and community-based mental health programs. Public Awareness Campaigns: Greater efforts are needed to educate Filipinos about mental health and reduce stigma. Accessible and Affordable Care: Ensuring that mental health services are available in both urban and rural areas is crucial. Support for Climate-Anxiety Research: More focus should be placed on studying and addressing climate-related mental health issues. A Call for Collective Action The mental health crisis in the Philippines is real and urgent. While strides have been made through the Philippine Mental Health Act, challenges remain in ensuring its full implementation. Government agencies, mental health professionals, educators, and civil society must work together to create a system that values and prioritizes mental health. If left unaddressed, this crisis will continue to affect millions of Filipinos, diminishing quality of life and overall well-being. It is time for a whole-of-society approach to ensure that mental health services are accessible, affordable, and effective for everyone. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-18-2025

ARE RAPE KITS REQUIRED IN THE PHILIPPINES?

ARE RAPE KITS REQUIRED IN THE PHILIPPINES? Rape kits are essential forensic tools that aid in the investigation and prosecution of sexual assault cases. In the Philippines, they are legally mandated for use by law enforcement agencies, yet their implementation appears to be slow or inadequate. The question is, why? Challenges in Implementation Is this a matter of political will? Are budgets and resources insufficient? Or is there a lack of training among law enforcement and medical personnel? If funding is the issue, Congress must allocate more resources to the Philippine National Police (PNP) and the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) to ensure the full implementation of rape kit protocols. Additionally, local government units (LGUs) with sufficient income should consider supporting their local police forces to bridge the gap in funding and resources. A Matter of Human Rights This should not be a debate over financial constraints. We are dealing with human rights violations and, in cases of rape with homicide, matters of life and death. The government must prioritize justice for survivors, ensuring that proper evidence collection through rape kits is consistently implemented. Oversight and Accountability Who is responsible for ensuring compliance with these laws? Is the Department of Justice (DOJ) overseeing the NBI? If so, where are the reports detailing the use and effectiveness of rape kits? Similarly, is the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) overseeing the PNP? If so, where is the accountability? Furthermore, the National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) and DILG should actively monitor and enforce proper forensic procedures. Education and Training The proper use of rape kits should be included in the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) curriculum and the training programs for new NBI agents. Ensuring that law enforcement personnel are well-versed in collecting and preserving forensic evidence is crucial to successful prosecution. Learning from International Best Practices Several countries have successfully integrated rape kit protocols into their justice systems: Sweden introduced a consent law alongside a comprehensive rape kit protocol, ensuring meticulous evidence collection. Canada launched a national Sexual Assault Kit Program to address backlogs and improve victim support. The United Kingdom maintains a national DNA database, which has significantly enhanced rape case resolutions. Australia reformed its sexual assault response by improving rape kit storage and analysis. New Zealand enacted legislation to strengthen sexual violence investigations, including the use of forensic evidence from rape kits. The Philippine Context With approximately 8,400 reported rape cases in 2023—a decline from 2022—sexual violence remains a significant issue. Disturbingly, over 11,000 cases involved girls under 16 years of age. To address this, the government must track cases involving drugs, establish a sex offender database, and collect comprehensive data on rape incidents. Are Rape Kits Being Used Effectively in the Philippines? Are the PNP and NBI properly trained to collect and preserve forensic evidence? Have there been successful cases where rape kits played a pivotal role in securing convictions? Transparency is key—where are the reports detailing the impact of rape kit use? Moving Forward Rape kits are not just forensic tools; they are instruments of justice. The Philippine government must commit to their full implementation, ensuring that every survivor has access to proper forensic examinations. Without accountability, oversight, and proper funding, justice will remain out of reach for many victims of sexual violence. It is time for action—because every case left unresolved is a failure of the system meant to protect the vulnerable. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-17-2025

UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO ELECTRIC POWER: A CRITICAL GOAL FOR THE PHILIPPINES

UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO ELECTRIC POWER: A CRITICAL GOAL FOR THE PHILIPPINES A recent fire in Metro Manila gutted 24 homes. Tragically, the blaze started when a resident accidentally knocked over her kerosene lamp. Her explanation was heartbreaking but familiar: "I only use a kerosene lamp because I have no electricity." This situation is far too common in the Philippines. Many of those who live in homes made of flammable materials also rely on kerosene lamps or candles due to a lack of access to electricity. It’s a dangerous, persistent reality. With a poverty rate of 15.5%—roughly 17.54 million people—it is estimated that 1.8 million households, or about 9 million Filipinos, still live without electricity. This is not just about lighting up homes. No electricity often means no internet, no modern means of communication, and no access to digital livelihoods. Without universal access to electricity, universal access to the internet is a distant dream. The Philippine government has set a target to achieve universal electrification by 2028, but what’s the progress so far? The Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Electrification Administration (NEA) are both implementing and monitoring agencies. Isn’t there a conflict of interest in this dual role? Shouldn’t there be an independent third-party monitoring body, such as a task force under the Presidential Management Staff (PMS) or the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)? Private concessionaires like Meralco and Aboitiz are also key players. How much of the responsibility falls on them, and are they publicly reporting their progress? Programs like Meralco’s Lifeline Rate Program and its Household Electrification Program are promising, but how are these initiatives being monitored? The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize the importance of universal access to electricity by 2030. Missing this target would mean more than an international embarrassment—it would perpetuate the cycle of poverty. Families without electricity are unable to connect to the modern economy, often trapping them in financial hardship. Breaking the Cycle of Energy Poverty The lack of electricity has a cyclical effect. Poor households cannot afford the cost of connection, and without electricity, their opportunities to earn and improve their lives are severely limited. With the rise of internet-related jobs and online livelihoods, the absence of electricity shuts the door on significant economic opportunities. Many countries have addressed similar challenges through innovative programs. In South Africa, the Free Basic Electricity Program provides a monthly allowance of free electricity to indigent households. In India, the Saubhagya Scheme delivers free electricity connections to marginalized families, supported by subsidies. Brazil’s Luz para Todos (Light for All) program brings electricity to rural and underserved communities, while also offering subsidized tariffs for low-income families. What Should the Philippines Do? To achieve 100% electrification, the Philippines needs a comprehensive and transparent plan that includes: 1. Free or Subsidized Connections: Providing free or affordable initial connections to low-income households can address the barrier of upfront costs. 2. Targeted Programs: Identifying areas with the highest number of unelectrified households and prioritizing them for electrification efforts. 3. Renewable Energy Solutions: Off-grid solutions like solar power systems or microgrids can provide electricity to remote areas where extending the main grid is impractical. 4. Private Sector Involvement: Strengthening public-private partnerships to accelerate electrification efforts and ensure cost-effective implementation. 5. Accountability and Monitoring: Creating an independent body to monitor and report on the progress of electrification programs ensures transparency and prevents delays. The DOE and the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) must also work together to provide not just electricity but also internet access to underserved areas. This dual strategy will help unlock economic opportunities and uplift communities. Achieving universal access to electricity is not just a policy goal—it is a moral imperative. Let us ensure that no Filipino family lives in the dark, cut off from opportunities that could brighten their future. The question is no longer if this can be done, but when and how it will be accomplished. Time is ticking. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-16-2025

WHO ARE THE REAL HOMELESS PEOPLE IN THE PHILIPPINES?

WHO ARE THE REAL HOMELESS PEOPLE IN THE PHILIPPINES? The Philippines is home to a staggering number of homeless individuals, but who exactly are they, and how is homelessness defined in our country? Surprisingly, the Philippine government does not seem to have an official or legal definition of homelessness, leaving this critical issue open to interpretation. Internationally, a homeless person is often defined as someone who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. Based on that definition, unofficial sources estimate that there are around 4.5 million homeless people in the Philippines. Alarmingly, this figure includes street children, who make up a significant portion of the population without stable shelter. To put things into perspective, the United States, a much larger country with a population of approximately 346.5 million, has around 653,104 homeless people. That’s a homelessness rate of 0.19% of their total population. Compare that to the Philippines, where roughly 3.85% of our 116.8 million people are homeless. Astonishingly, despite being geographically smaller, we have about nine times more homeless people than the United States. Even more sobering is the fact that the Philippines surpasses larger countries like India, Indonesia, Brazil, and China in terms of homelessness, despite these nations having greater populations. What’s worse, the number of 4.5 million does not include those living in makeshift shanties or tents—structures that many would argue fail to qualify as “fixed, regular, and adequate residences.” In countries like the United States, Canada, and in many European nations, people living in shanties or tents are officially categorized as homeless. These countries have also established homeless shelters where individuals can sleep safely for the night, take a shower, and receive a meal. Here in the Philippines, however, there’s little indication that such shelters exist on a meaningful scale. NGOs, which often step in to fill gaps left by the government, appear to be inactive in this area as well. The question begs to be asked: Why are we not doing more? Establishing temporary shelters is neither a new nor a particularly complex idea. It has been successfully implemented worldwide, so why not here? This raises further questions: What is the government’s plan to provide temporary housing for the homeless? Does the government understand that temporary housing for the homeless is a separate issue from permanent social housing for low-income families? Which agency should lead this effort? Is it the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)? The Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD)? Or should the Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) handle this for the capital region? The lack of clarity and action is troubling. One step forward would be for Congress to pass legislation defining what “homeless” means in the Philippine context. This legal definition could then form the basis for concrete policies and programs aimed at reducing homelessness. Another key recommendation is for the government to aim for a homelessness rate of less than 1% of the population. Achieving this goal would require a multi-pronged approach, including: 1. Temporary Housing Solutions: Create affordable dormitories, rooms for rent, and apartments specifically designed for homeless individuals and families. 2. Homeless Shelters: Establish government-run shelters offering basic amenities like beds, showers, and meals. 3. Public-Private Partnerships: Encourage collaboration with NGOs and private enterprises to expand resources and services for the homeless. 4. Poverty Reduction: Addressing the root causes of homelessness, particularly poverty, can go a long way toward reducing the problem. Homelessness is more than a numbers game—it’s a humanitarian crisis. Reducing poverty is vital, but so is providing immediate, affordable, and humane solutions for those who have nowhere else to turn to. As a nation, we must ask ourselves: What does it say about us if we continue to ignore this issue? It’s time for the Philippine government, along with civil society and private institutions, to take decisive action. Let us redefine homelessness, not just in words, but in the concrete steps we take to ensure that every Filipino has a safe place to call home. Ramon Ike V. Seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-15-2025

CAN AI BE USED FOR NATIONAL BUDGETING?

CAN AI BE USED FOR NATIONAL BUDGETING? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is already being used effectively in personal and corporate budgeting. It can analyze spending patterns, predict future expenses, and provide actionable insights for financial management. If AI is proving successful in these areas, the question arises: can AI also be utilized for national budgeting? The answer lies in exploring its potential applications and addressing the challenges involved. The Potential of AI in National Budgeting 1. Data-Driven Appropriations: National budgets are complex and must account for mandatory requirements, such as the constitutional mandate for the education sector to receive the highest allocation. AI can analyze data to determine allocations based on objective needs, historical utilization, and actual demand. This ensures that resources are directed where they are needed most. 2. Alignment with Development Goals: AI can help align budget allocations with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP). By analyzing progress data, AI can identify gaps and suggest targeted investments to achieve these goals more effectively. 3. Exclusion of Self-Sufficient Entities: Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations (GOCCs) that are self-supporting and self-sustaining may no longer need to be included in the national budget. AI can assist in identifying such entities and reallocating resources accordingly. 4. Compliance with International Commitments: Certain budgetary allocations are mandatory to meet international commitments. AI can track these commitments and ensure that sufficient resources are allocated to comply with them. 5. Cost-Benefit Analysis: AI can conduct comprehensive cost-benefit analyses to evaluate the historical impact of public investments. This enables policymakers to prioritize projects with proven returns and significant social or economic benefits. 6. Investment in Digitalization: AI-driven insights can highlight the importance of progressive investments in digitalization and computerization, which are crucial for improving government efficiency and public service delivery. Engaging Stakeholders in the Budgeting Process The process of national budgeting should begin with public consultations, even before reaching the committee level. Government agencies proposing congressional funding should invite private sector stakeholders to participate in budget discussions. This collaborative approach ensures transparency and inclusivity while benefiting from diverse perspectives. Challenges and Considerations 1. Data Quality and Bias: The accuracy of AI-powered budgeting tools depends heavily on the quality of data. Ensuring unbiased, representative, and up-to-date data is critical. 2. Transparency and Accountability: While AI can assist in decision-making, the final responsibility must remain with human policymakers. Decision-making processes should be transparent and accountable to the public. 3. Ethical Implications: Ethical considerations, such as data privacy and algorithmic bias, must be addressed. There is also the need to mitigate the risk of job displacement resulting from increased automation. 4. Legislative Framework: In the United States, lawmakers are already drafting policies to regulate AI and maximize its benefits. The Philippines must follow suit to create a robust legal framework that governs the use of AI in public finance. Conclusion AI has the potential to revolutionize national budgeting by making it more data-driven, efficient, and transparent. However, its implementation must be guided by a clear strategy, robust governance, and ethical considerations. Ultimately, the success of AI in national budgeting depends on collaboration among government, academia, and the private sector. By leveraging AI responsibly, the Philippines can optimize resource allocation and pave the way for sustainable development. Ramon Ike V. Seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-14-2025

PREPARING FOR THE INTELLIGENCE AGE

PREPARING FOR THE INTELLIGENCE AGE The Philippines has long identified itself as an agricultural country. However, this claim merits closer scrutiny, as we remain heavily dependent on importing essential food items such as rice, flour, and milk. This reliance raises a critical question: have we truly embraced the agricultural age? Arguably, we have missed this era. Similarly, it seems that the Philippines has also fallen short of fully capitalizing on the industrial age. Despite some progress, the development of heavy industries remains far from optimal, leaving us trailing behind nations that have leveraged industrialization for economic growth. When it comes to the information age, our country’s performance is equally concerning. The Philippines has yet to produce world-class hardware or software to showcase on the global stage. Even domestically, we have not fully computerized or digitalized our government systems, nor have we made significant advances in areas like e-learning and telemedicine. Rather than being creators, we have largely been consumers of information technology developed by other nations. Now, scientists predict the advent of a new era: the intelligence age, also known as the data age. This age will be defined by the power of data, with artificial intelligence (AI) at its core. AI, which began with the science of electronic data processing (EDP), has evolved through data analytics and business intelligence into the sophisticated systems we see today, such as Microsoft Power BI and AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity. With AI comes robotics, and with robotics, the evolution of androids—machines that resemble humans. While AI in its current form is still in its infancy, exemplified by digital assistants like Alexa and Siri, its potential is vast. Iconic fictional examples like R2D2, C3PO, and Commander Data illustrate where AI could lead us, from helpful robots to sentient androids. The future dominance of AI in the intelligence age is inevitable. Given this context, it is imperative for the Philippines to prepare for the intelligence age. This preparation raises several critical questions: 1. Who should lead AI development in the country? Should it be the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), or a new agency altogether? 2. Could state universities and colleges take the lead in AI research and development? 3. What legislative measures should be introduced to maximize the benefits of AI and regulate its use? In the United States, lawmakers are already crafting policies to govern AI. Shouldn’t the Philippines follow suit to avoid being left behind yet again? To seize the opportunities of the intelligence age, we must adopt a proactive stance. Investments in AI research, education, and infrastructure are crucial. Equally important is fostering collaboration between government agencies, academic institutions, and the private sector. By doing so, we can position the Philippines as a competitive player in this new era, rather than merely a bystander. As we stand on the brink of the intelligence age, the question is clear: will the Philippines rise to the occasion, or will it once again miss the opportunities of a transformative era? Ramon Ike V. Seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-13-2025

SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR DOCTORS IN THE PHILIPPINES

SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR DOCTORS IN THE PHILIPPINES The shortage of doctors in the Philippines poses a significant challenge to achieving Universal Health Care (UHC). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a country needs 14.3 doctors per 10,000 people to ensure adequate healthcare. With a population exceeding 111 million, the Philippines requires around 116,032 physicians. However, only about 95,039 doctors are actively practicing, leaving a shortfall of 20,993. Bridging the Gap Each year, the country produces approximately 8,000 new doctors. Yet, about 6,000 of them leave for opportunities abroad, resulting in a net retention of only 2,000 doctors annually. At this rate, closing the gap would take at least a decade. This timeline underscores the urgency of innovative strategies to address the imbalance. Potential Solutions 1. Re-engaging Non-Practicing Doctors: The Philippines has 64,244 registered doctors who are not actively practicing. Incentivizing even a third of them to return could eliminate the shortfall in a matter of years. 2. Attracting Filipino Doctors Abroad: Offering competitive incentives to Filipino doctors working overseas could encourage them to return and serve locally. 3. Mandatory Local Service: Requiring new doctors to serve in the Philippines for a set number of years before working abroad is another option. This policy could ensure a steady supply of healthcare professionals for underserved areas. 4. Leveraging International Talent: The Philippines is already a destination for foreign medical students, particularly from India. Annually, around 8,746 Indian students graduate from local medical schools. If even a fraction of these graduates stay and practice in the Philippines, they could help fill the gap. Additionally, the country could incentivize doctors from ASEAN member nations to work here under existing agreements. 5. Scholarship Programs: Providing scholarships with conditions for local service can build a pipeline of committed medical professionals. Offering support to individuals from other professions who wish to pursue medicine could also widen the talent pool. 6. Adopting Global Best Practices: Countries like India and Chile have successfully implemented programs to address healthcare professional shortages. The Philippines could learn from their experiences and tailor similar programs to local needs. Beyond Numbers: Improving Retention Improving working conditions and offering competitive salaries are essential to retaining doctors. Many healthcare professionals leave due to inadequate facilities, limited growth opportunities, and poor compensation. Addressing these issues could make practicing in the Philippines more attractive. A Call to Action The shortage of doctors is not just a numbers game—it’s a matter of public health and equity. The government must take decisive steps to ensure every Filipino has access to quality healthcare. From incentivizing retention to leveraging foreign talent, there are multiple avenues to explore. What are your thoughts? Can we turn the tide and ensure that the supply of doctors meets the demand? Addressing this issue is critical not only for UHC but for the nation’s overall well-being. Ramon Ike V. Seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-12-2025

AFFORDABLE PUBLIC APARTMENTS FOR RENT: A PATH TO ADDRESS HOUSING NEEDS

AFFORDABLE PUBLIC APARTMENTS FOR RENT: A PATH TO ADDRESS HOUSING NEEDS Affordable Public Apartments for Rent: A Path to Address Housing Needs Housing is a fundamental human need, yet owning a home remains out of reach for many. The Philippine government has made strides in addressing this issue through single-detached houses and condominium projects. However, one crucial gap remains: affordable public apartments for rent. Condos to Buy, Apartments to Rent Traditionally, condominiums are for sale while apartments are for rent. Buying a condo entails significant upfront costs and long-term financial commitments. On the other hand, renting an apartment offers a more flexible and affordable option, particularly for young professionals, newlyweds, or those with unstable employment. The reality is that not everyone can or should buy a house or condo. Many Filipinos would benefit from affordable rental housing that provides a safe and comfortable place to stay without the pressure of ownership. Redefining "Homelessness" The government should broaden its perspective on homelessness. A shanty (barong-barong) or a tent may provide shelter, but it does not meet the minimum standards of a home. Homelessness should be defined as lacking a decent place to stay, regardless of ownership. By focusing on creating affordable rental housing, the government can ensure that more Filipinos have access to dignified living conditions. Affordable Apartments as a Solution Affordable rental apartments can address the housing backlog and uplift millions of Filipinos. These apartments should: 1. Be within reach of minimum-wage earners. Affordable rent can significantly reduce poverty by freeing up income for other essentials. 2. Include utilities and amenities. Access to water, electricity, internet, waste management, and even shuttle services can enhance the quality of life. 3. Promote community and sustainability. On-site bakeries, pharmacies, clinics, and schools can reduce costs and foster community. Utilizing solar energy, biogas, and electric vehicles can make living costs more sustainable. Learning from Global Success Countries like the United States, Spain, and Chile provide valuable lessons in public rental housing: Via Verde, New York City: A mixed-income development with green roofs, solar panels, and community spaces. Mirador Housing Project, Madrid: Innovative design that includes communal spaces for residents. Quinta Monroy, Chile: Affordable housing with expandable units for future needs. These projects prove that affordable rental housing can be a profitable and sustainable endeavor for governments. Why Public Apartments Make Sense 1. A Practical Approach: Not all housing needs should lead to ownership. The government should recognize that meeting the housing demand often means providing places to stay rather than homes to buy. 2. Sustainability of Assets: Apartments can remain public assets for decades, serving multiple generations without the need for constant rebuilding. 3. Revenue Generation: Properly managed, public rental apartments can become self-sustaining profit centers, like New York City’s model. What the Government Can Do 1. Assess Demand: The Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DHSUD) should measure the true housing backlog, focusing on those who need a place to stay rather than those who want to buy. 2. Build Strategically: Utilize government lands for high-density apartment buildings, incorporating sustainable designs and amenities. 3. Involve Experts: Mandate agencies like NEDA or PIDS to study the feasibility of public rental housing and learn from international successes. 4. Empower Cooperatives: Encourage resident cooperatives to manage utilities and services within the apartments, fostering community ownership and reducing operational costs. A Vision for the Future Affordable public apartments for rent offer a transformative solution to the housing crisis. By prioritizing affordability, sustainability, and accessibility, the government can provide millions of Filipinos with the dignity of a safe and comfortable home. The time has come to shift the housing paradigm from ownership to accessibility—because a home is not about owning walls but about having a place to belong. Ramon Ike V. Seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-11-2025

SELF-SUSTAINING GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS

SELF-SUSTAINING GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS Government corporations, or government-owned and controlled corporations (GOCCs), are unique entities established to generate revenue while delivering essential services. Ideally, they operate independently of government subsidies, contributing not just to national development but also to the treasury. The concept, when executed effectively, lightens the taxpayers' load and serves as a model for efficiency and innovation. The Purpose and Potential of GOCCs The primary purpose of creating government corporations is for them to be self-sustaining. Unlike government agencies reliant on annual appropriations, GOCCs are designed to operate as revenue-generating entities. Successful examples like PAGCOR (Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation) and PCSO (Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office) demonstrate this potential, as they not only sustain themselves but also channel surplus revenues back to the government. In effect, the surplus funds generated by GOCCs act as a form of friendly taxation—a win-win scenario where the government gains revenue without increasing the tax burden on citizens. This approach, if scaled, could help address fiscal challenges and fund critical public services. Lessons from Global Success Countries like Singapore and China provide compelling models for GOCC success. Temasek Holdings, Singapore’s state-owned investment company, exemplifies what is possible when government corporations are managed with professionalism and a clear strategic vision. Temasek’s portfolio includes global giants like Singtel and DBS Group, whose success reflects not only the potential of state-backed entities but also the value of strategic investments. As a matter of fact, SingTel is part of owner of Globe Telecom. Similarly, Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) like China Mobile and the Industrial & Commercial Bank of China dominate their respective sectors. These successes stem from strong government support, strategic importance, and a focus on research and development. Challenges Facing Philippine GOCCs Despite their potential, not all GOCCs in the Philippines are thriving. Some still depend on government subsidies, raising questions about their efficiency and relevance. For instance: Which GOCCs still require subsidies or appropriations? Are they meeting their intended goals, or are they burdened by inefficiencies and mismanagement? Reforms and Recommendations 1. Professional Management: The boards of GOCCs are often politically appointed, which can hinder efficiency. While political appointments for governance may be unavoidable, executives managing these corporations should be professionals with proven track records, much like private-sector leaders. 2. Private-Sector Auditing: GOCCs should be audited by private firms, as is standard for private corporations. This could improve transparency and accountability while reducing bureaucratic hurdles often associated with the Commission on Audit (COA). 3. Revenue Targets and Accountability: GOCCs should be given clear revenue targets. Boards and executives should be held accountable for meeting these goals, with the understanding that failure could lead to replacement. 4. Sink or Swim: Government corporations must learn to operate like private companies. They should sink or swim in the market, relying on innovation and efficiency rather than perpetual bailouts. Reinvestment from the government should be treated as an investment, not as a subsidy. 5. Investment Opportunities: The creation of new GOCCs should be considered if there are clear prospects for profitability and public benefit. The Role of Successful GOCCs Successful GOCCs can significantly contribute to national development. Their excess revenues can fund infrastructure projects, education, healthcare, and other social services. They also serve as proof that government enterprises, when properly managed, can compete with and even outperform private corporations. Conclusion Self-sustaining government corporations represent a powerful tool for national development and fiscal stability. By learning from global models, implementing reforms, and fostering a culture of professionalism and accountability, the Philippines can transform its GOCCs into engines of growth and innovation. The ultimate goal is clear: to create a future where GOCCs not only sustain themselves but also become pillars of the national economy, lessening the tax burden and improving the quality of life for all Filipinos. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-10-2025

PERCEIVED POVERTY VERSUS ACTUAL HUNGER

PERCEIVED POVERTY VERSUS ACTUAL HUNGER Poverty and hunger are two of the most pressing issues facing the Philippines, yet they are often misunderstood and misrepresented in discussions. While perceived poverty and actual hunger are related, they are not the same. Understanding their nuances is key to crafting effective policies and solutions. Perception vs. Reality Perceived poverty is not an objective measure. It reflects how individuals or households feel about their economic status. While these perceptions may highlight societal discontent, they are subjective and do not necessarily align with reality. For example, some families may perceive themselves as poor simply because they cannot maintain the lifestyle of others in their community, even if they earn enough to meet their basic needs. In contrast, actual poverty is quantified based on measurable criteria, such as whether a household’s income falls below the poverty line. In the Philippines, the poverty rate as of 2023 stands at 15.5%, meaning over 17 million Filipinos live in poverty. Actual hunger, however, is even more immediate and visceral. As of early 2024, 14.2% of Filipino families—equivalent to nearly 4 million households—reported experiencing involuntary hunger. This data reflects a crisis that extends beyond perception; it’s a reality that demands urgent attention. The Inflation-Poverty Connection One complicating factor is inflation. While poverty is determined by income relative to a set threshold, inflation erodes purchasing power, making it harder for households to meet their basic needs. In theory, those above the poverty line should not be considered poor, but in practice, many families in this category struggle to afford food, housing, and other essentials as prices rise. The inflation rate in December 2024 was 2.9%, reflecting a gradual increase in prices. This seemingly modest figure can have significant consequences for households already teetering on the edge of financial stability. How does the government adjust the imaginary basket of goods to reflect these price increases? Are the weights assigned to items in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) updated regularly enough to provide an accurate picture of the economic strain on families? Aid and Its Limitations Government aid programs, or ayuda, are designed for short-term poverty alleviation rather than long-term poverty reduction. But how does the government decide who qualifies for this assistance? Is aid limited to those below the poverty line, or does it extend to households struggling due to inflation and stagnant wages? Local government units (LGUs) often issue certificates of indigency without stringent verification, raising questions about the accuracy of targeting. A robust and up-to-date database of indigents could help ensure that aid reaches those who need it most. Hunger, Poverty, and Unemployment While the hunger rate and the poverty are closely linked, they are not identical. Hunger can affect those above the poverty line, particularly when inflation outpaces income growth. This underscores the need to correlate poverty data with unemployment rates, which stood at 3.2% in November 2024. A stronger labor market can help reduce poverty, but only if wages are sufficient to keep up with the cost of living. Localized Solutions The measurement of hunger, poverty, and unemployment should be localized at the LGU level to capture the specific needs and challenges of different communities. Similarly, job creation strategies should focus on local economies, leveraging regional strengths and opportunities. Bridging the Gap Understanding the interplay between perceived poverty and actual hunger is crucial for addressing these issues effectively. Perceived poverty highlights the psychological and social aspects of economic hardship, while actual hunger and poverty reflect tangible deficiencies that must be remedied. Policies should aim to: 1. Regularly update poverty thresholds and the basket of goods to reflect real-world conditions. 2. Expand government aid to include households affected by inflation, not just those below the poverty line. 3. Strengthen coordination between LGUs and the national government for targeted assistance. 4. Invest in job creation and wage growth to ensure economic stability for all Filipinos. The fight against poverty and hunger requires a clear-eyed understanding of the data, the courage to address root causes, and the compassion to assist those in need. These challenges may seem overwhelming, but with the right approach, they are not insurmountable. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-09-2025

ANYONE CAN DONATE TO PUBLIC HOSPITALS

ANYONE CAN DONATE TO PUBLIC HOSPITALS Local public hospitals play a crucial role in providing healthcare to Filipinos, particularly those who cannot afford private medical services. Unfortunately, many of these hospitals have faced significant challenges since their devolution from the Department of Health (DOH) to Local Government Units (LGUs). Funding cuts and reduced budgets have left these institutions struggling to meet the growing needs of their communities. Why Funding Falls Short When the management of public hospitals was handed over to LGUs under the Local Government Code of 1991, many local governments were either unprepared or underfunded to handle the responsibility. While some LGUs prioritize healthcare, others fall short due to financial constraints or a lack of understanding of its importance. Another major issue is the absence of reliable revenue streams. Most services in public hospitals are offered for free, benefiting patients regardless of their financial status. While this promotes accessibility, it also limits the hospitals' ability to generate income, leaving them heavily reliant on government funding. Ideally, the national government should continue to provide substantial support to these hospitals, even if they have been devolved to LGUs. Unfortunately, this is not happening to the extent needed. The Role of Donations The good news is that anyone—individuals or corporations—can help. Laws like the Local Government Code allow LGUs to accept donations, and provisions under the Civil Code and DOH guidelines ensure that public hospitals can receive and properly manage contributions. Donations can take various forms: Financial contributions for equipment, facilities, or personnel. In-kind donations like medical supplies or equipment. Volunteer services from medical professionals and other skilled workers. Private corporations have a unique incentive to donate. Not only do they contribute to improving public health, but they also benefit from tax credits, making the act of giving both altruistic and financially sensible. Technology Can Make a Difference As an ICT practitioner, I see technology as a game-changer for public hospitals. Reliable internet connectivity, for instance, could enable telemedicine services, allowing patients in remote areas to consult specialists without traveling. Teleconferencing can connect local doctors to global experts for advice and training. Beyond connectivity, hospitals need hardware, software, and networks to manage their operations efficiently. One critical need is software for Electronic Medical Records (EMR). I could assist hospitals in adopting free or cost-effective solutions and guide them in finding equipment leasing or rent-to-own options. Payroll and Personnel Support A persistent challenge for public hospitals is funding for medical personnel. Doctors, nurses, and support staff are often underpaid, leading to burnout and resignations. While LGUs struggle with this issue, national government intervention and private donations could bridge the gap. How You Can Help Several NGOs are already stepping up to support public hospitals, including the PGH Medical Foundation, Health Futures Foundation, and Kapwa Ko Mahal Ko. These organizations rely on public generosity to fund their initiatives. I propose leveraging crowdfunding platforms and ICT tools to amplify their reach and attract more donors. Private companies could also establish partnerships with public hospitals, donating equipment or funding specific projects in exchange for tax incentives. International aid organizations like USAID and JICA could provide grants for infrastructure or training programs. A Collaborative Effort By combining the efforts of LGUs, the national government, NGOs, and private donors, we can significantly improve public hospital services. It’s not just about funding—it’s about creating a sustainable system where every peso and every piece of equipment is maximized for public benefit. Anyone can donate to public hospitals. Whether it’s a financial contribution, a piece of equipment, or expertise in a specific field, every bit helps. Let’s come together to ensure that our local public hospitals are equipped to save lives and provide quality care to every Filipino. Your help could make all the difference. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-08-2025

LET’S HAVE MORE POLICE HELICOPTERS

LET’S HAVE MORE POLICE HELICOPTERS The Philippine National Police (PNP) Air Unit plays a crucial role in law enforcement, disaster response, and search and rescue operations. With its current fleet of seven Airbus H125 helicopters, two Robinson R44 helicopters, and a fixed-wing trainer aircraft, the unit has shown its effectiveness in various missions. However, I believe it’s time we consider expanding this fleet to better serve the nation. The Need for Expansion Currently, the PNP operates nine helicopters. This fleet is spread thin across the country, limiting the Air Unit’s capacity to respond swiftly to emergencies, enforce laws effectively, or provide adequate disaster relief. To address this, I propose that each of the 16 regions, excluding Metro Manila, should have at least one helicopter. Metro Manila, given its dense population and unique challenges, should have four helicopters. This brings the ideal fleet size to 20 helicopters, meaning the PNP would need to acquire 11 more units. Is this too much to ask for? Absolutely not. The lives these helicopters could save and the efficiency they could bring to law enforcement and disaster response far outweigh the cost. Multi-Purpose Use While the primary purpose of these helicopters would be law enforcement, their utility extends beyond policing. They could play a vital role in search and rescue operations, medical evacuations, and disaster relief. It’s essential, however, to clearly delineate their roles to avoid overlap with military operations, which should remain the responsibility of the Philippine Air Force. Enhancing Pilot Training and Retention A significant challenge for the PNP Air Unit is maintaining a robust cadre of skilled pilots. Military pilots are often seconded to the PNP, but I believe the PNP should develop its own team of civilian pilots. These pilots could even be classified as non-uniformed personnel (NUP) if necessary. To ensure a steady pipeline of talent, the PNP could: Offer scholarships: Provide financial assistance to students interested in becoming pilots, with long-term service contracts to ensure they stay with the PNP for a significant period. Train existing personnel: Sponsor the training of PNP officers or new Philippine National Police Academy graduates to become pilots. Collaborate with private airlines: Partner with aviation companies for skill upgrades and specialized training programs. Additionally, the PNP should develop a robust succession plan to address the frequent poaching of pilots by commercial airlines. Funding and Partnerships Acquiring 11 new helicopters is undoubtedly a significant expense, but there are various ways to fund this expansion: Government budgets: The national budget should prioritize the Air Unit as a critical component of public safety. Private sector donations: Companies could donate funds or equipment in exchange for tax credits. International aid: Organizations like USAID, JICA, and AUSAID could provide funding or donate helicopters to bolster the fleet. Learning from International Models In the United States, police helicopters are widely used at the local, state, and federal levels. Agencies like the Los Angeles Police Department and the New York City Police Department have established robust aviation units funded through local budgets, federal grants, and private sector support. Their models demonstrate how helicopters can enhance public safety and law enforcement efficiency. Conclusion Expanding the PNP’s helicopter fleet is an investment in the nation’s safety and resilience. By increasing the number of helicopters, ensuring proper pilot training, and securing funding through diverse sources, the PNP can significantly enhance its ability to serve the public. Let’s take this opportunity to strengthen our law enforcement and disaster response capabilities—because when it comes to saving lives, no cost is too high. Let’s have more police helicopters. The benefits are clear, and the need is urgent. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 02-07-2025