DEALING WITH THE HEAT WAVE WITH LOCAL SOLUTIONS

DEALING WITH THE HEAT WAVE WITH LOCAL SOLUTIONS Heat waves affect each locality differently, and from what I have heard on the news, some areas experience more extreme conditions than others. Given our limited experience in handling this growing phenomenon, all actions and decisions should be locally tailored to best address the unique challenges faced by each community. One example of a simple yet effective local innovation is the concept of "cooling areas." One LGU has already implemented these air-conditioned spaces where people can seek refuge from the extreme heat. While some might argue that people can simply visit a mall to cool off, the practicality of having designated cooling areas within walking distance makes a significant difference, especially for those who might not have the means to travel far. What is most necessary during a heat wave is water—preferably cold water. However, not everyone has access to a refrigerator, or the electricity needed to keep water cold. Cold water can come from various sources, such as home refrigerators, freezers, or ice purchased from an ice plant. The availability of cold water is undeniably a poverty issue, just as having air conditioning is. If LGUs cannot implement large-scale innovations, ensuring that everyone has access to cold water should be a top priority. LGUs must also prioritize emergency medical provisions, particularly for heat strokes and treatments for senior citizens who are more vulnerable to extreme temperatures. Hopefully, LGUs have the financial capacity to support such initiatives, but if resources are limited, focusing on hydration and emergency medical responses should be their main concern. Beyond immediate solutions, we must recognize that heat waves are a direct result of climate change and global warming. This is a lesson for all of us to take proactive measures to mitigate their effects. While it might be too late to prevent the current heat waves, planting trees now can still help in the long term by providing natural shade and cooling effects. Several LGUs in the Philippines have already taken steps to combat heat waves: · Metro Manila LGUs have implemented class adjustments to protect students from extreme heat, modifying schedules to avoid peak heat hours and ensuring access to hydration. · The Department of Education (DepEd) has worked with LGUs to improve ventilation in classrooms and implement flexible learning arrangements. · GeoRiskPH and PlanSmart Planning Tool, supported by the World Bank, helps urban LGUs integrate heat risk information into their Comprehensive Land Use Plans (CLUPs), enabling better long-term planning. Heat waves are becoming more frequent and intense, making it crucial to develop innovative solutions. Here are some strategies: Individual and Household Level: · Personal Cooling: Wearable cooling devices, cooling towels, and smart thermostats. · Behavioral Adjustments: Avoiding outdoor activities during peak heat, hydration tracking, and utilizing cooling centers. · Home Improvements: Reflective roof coatings, smart window tinting, and enhanced natural ventilation. Community and Urban Planning: · Green Infrastructure: Increasing tree canopy, green roofs, and urban water features. · Smart Urban Design: Using cool pavements, optimizing building spacing, and developing heat mapping systems. · Community Resilience Programs: Heat wave awareness campaigns, outreach to vulnerable populations, and emergency response plans. Technological Innovations: · District Cooling Systems: Centralized cooling plants providing chilled water to multiple buildings. · Advanced Weather Forecasting: Enabling proactive measures. · Microclimate Control: Installing cooling systems in public spaces. Ancient cooling techniques can also be reintroduced, such as architectural designs that promote ventilation, shade structures, and using reflective materials for buildings and roads. Cities like Los Angeles have experimented with painting streets white to reduce heat absorption, while Seville has installed shade sails across the city. Ultimately, dealing with heat waves requires a combination of local government initiatives, technological advancements, and community participation. Ensuring access to cold water, providing cooling areas, and increasing public awareness will be crucial steps toward protecting vulnerable populations from the dangers of extreme heat. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 05-01-2025

BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING (BPO) AND CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGEMENT (CRM)

BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING (BPO) AND CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGEMENT (CRM) It is ironic that the Philippines is recognized as the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) capital of the world, yet many of our own National Government Agencies (NGAs) have been slow in availing themselves of BPO services. While private companies worldwide continue to benefit from BPO efficiencies, only a few NGAs—such as the Department of Finance (DOF), Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR), Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth), and Social Security System (SSS)—have integrated BPO solutions into their operations. Among them, DTI stands out as an obvious advocate for BPO services. Given its mandate to promote trade and business, it should lead by example in embracing outsourcing to improve its own operational efficiencies. Encouragingly, some agencies have also implemented Customer Relations Management (CRM) solutions, a critical subset of BPO. DOF, BIR, DTI, and PhilHealth have recognized the value of CRM in enhancing customer interactions. However, it is puzzling that the SSS, which serves millions of Filipinos, has yet to fully tap into CRM solutions. There are many compelling reasons for government agencies to utilize BPO services. Theories and economic logic support the hiring of BPO providers, as they can perform assigned tasks more efficiently and at a lower cost than in-house teams. BPO firms specialize in particular functions, bringing expertise, advanced technology, and streamlined processes that can significantly improve service delivery. From a broader perspective, the BPO sector is closely linked to the Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) phenomenon. Both are driven by the high demand for Filipino talent and skills. However, one key difference is that while OFWs must leave the country to earn competitive salaries, BPO workers can stay in the Philippines. In fact, many BPO professionals can even work from home, allowing them to spend more time with their families while earning incomes that can rival or exceed those of OFWs. In an ideal scenario, the government should actively support the growth of the local BPO industry, helping it attract more clients and train more workers. This would provide sustainable employment opportunities for Filipinos while keeping talent within the country. Encouragingly, some NGAs have begun leveraging BPO and CRM services, and hopefully, more agencies—and even Local Government Units (LGUs)—will follow suit. The benefits of outsourcing for NGAs go beyond cost savings. By delegating non-core functions to specialized providers, agencies can focus on their primary mandates, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective public service delivery. Given these advantages, the question remains: What is stopping other government agencies from embracing BPO solutions? If the Philippines is to maintain its status as a global BPO leader, the government must take a more proactive role in fostering the industry—not just as a service provider for international clients, but also as a vital partner in improving governance and public administration. Strictly speaking however, some CRM tasks need not be outsourced. It could be kept inhouse, especially if the skills are too specialized to teach to outsiders, or there is too much data privacy to protect. Either that, or the agency has too many state secrets to keep, such that it would be too risky to expose the data to outside workers who could not be given high security clearances. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-30-2025

WHAT IS THE GOVERNMENT DOING TO HELP FARMERS CONTROL COFFEE RUST?

WHAT IS THE GOVERNMENT DOING TO HELP FARMERS CONTROL COFFEE RUST? The Philippines has long been a coffee-producing country, yet despite our potential, we have not been able to make a significant impact on the global coffee market. In fact, we are not even in the top 15 coffee exporters in the world. Uganda, which holds the 15th spot, has a 2% share of global exports, generating $833 million in revenue. In stark contrast, the Philippines exported a mere $2.56 million worth of coffee in 2023. To add to the irony, we imported $154 million worth of coffee that same year, with $101 million coming from Vietnam, $2.4 million from Indonesia, and $17.4 million from Malaysia. Essentially, we are fueling the coffee exports of our ASEAN neighbors while struggling to boost our own industry. Why is this happening? Are we consuming most of our locally grown coffee? Or is something else preventing us from expanding our exports? One major threat to coffee production in the Philippines is coffee rust, a fungal disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix. This disease manifests as yellow-orange powdery spots on the underside of coffee leaves, eventually leading to premature defoliation, reduced yields, and even plant death. Coffee rust spreads through airborne spores and thrives in humid conditions, making it a persistent challenge for farmers. Without effective control measures, our already small coffee industry could shrink even further, potentially forcing us to rely almost entirely on imported coffee—just as we have with milk and flour. The Philippine government, through various agencies, has implemented initiatives to combat coffee rust. Research institutions like the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD) have been working on early detection systems and rust-resistant coffee varieties. The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) has also contributed by developing molecular detection technologies to identify and promote rust-resistant coffee strains. But are these efforts enough? Is the Philippine Coffee Board Inc. (PCBI) receiving adequate government funding to assist coffee farmers in battling this disease? Is Congress allocating sufficient resources to research and development in the coffee sector? Looking at other coffee-producing countries, we see more aggressive government interventions. Mexico has invested in developing rust-resistant coffee seeds and funding technical support for farmers. Nicaragua, in partnership with international organizations, has provided financing for farm renovation and climate-smart practices. The United States has even allocated $6 million for coffee rust research, supporting trials of resistant coffee varieties and genomic studies on the fungus. The Philippine government could take cues from these international efforts by increasing research funding, providing financial assistance for fungicides and resistant coffee varieties, and strengthening training programs for farmers. Policy reforms could also help ensure that farmers receive adequate support in managing coffee rust outbreaks. Coffee remains an important agricultural product for many Filipino farmers. While our current export numbers are modest, improving coffee production and quality could enhance our standing in the global market. But first, we must address the threat of coffee rust. If the government is serious about revitalizing the coffee industry, it must take stronger, more proactive measures to support farmers in combating this disease. Otherwise, the future of Philippine coffee may be one of increasing imports rather than thriving exports. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-29-2025

USING THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX

USING THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX For years, the government has relied on the Poverty Threshold Basket (PTB) method to measure poverty in the Philippines. This method assesses whether a household's income meets the minimum requirement for basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing. While it has served as the traditional standard, it has its limitations, as poverty is a multidimensional issue that extends beyond mere income levels. The good news is that there is now an alternative method of measuring poverty in the Philippines aside from the PTB method. Many countries worldwide are now using the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) method, either in place of or alongside PTB, as a more holistic approach. The MPI assesses multiple factors that contribute to poverty, including health, education, and living standards. There is nothing wrong with using both methods simultaneously. In fact, the data from both PTB and MPI could be compared to gain a better understanding of poverty incidence both locally and nationwide. The PTB method focuses on income sufficiency, while the MPI method examines whether households have access to essential goods and services. By analyzing data from both, policymakers can craft more comprehensive strategies to address poverty. Personally, I find the MPI method more effective because it offers an opportunity to strategically remove households from the poverty line by ensuring they are no longer deprived of key goods and services. The MPI evaluates whether families have access to necessities such as clean drinking water, electricity, adequate housing, and education. By focusing on these deprivations, the government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can work towards sustainable poverty reduction. However, I have noted that MPI has a certain weakness—it includes car or truck ownership as a criterion for determining whether a household is "not poor." This can be misleading, as not all families require personal vehicles to achieve a decent standard of living. Fortunately, I was able to clarify that having access to reliable public transportation can serve as a substitute for private vehicle ownership. Additionally, the MPI is flexible, meaning its criteria can be adjusted based on local economic conditions. Since the MPI measures access rather than ownership, local government units (LGUs) and NGOs can play a crucial role in bridging gaps by providing necessary services and infrastructure. For example, instead of focusing solely on increasing household incomes, they can ensure that communities have access to quality healthcare, education, and utilities. This means that, in theory, certain households can "graduate" out of poverty simply by having access to essential services, even if their income remains low. Just like the PTB method, the MPI method can be used to measure the incidence of poverty within an LGU. This means that, with the right strategies and interventions, it is possible for an LGU to become "poverty-free." Furthermore, with advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), it is now possible to analyze poverty status using machine learning tools. AI can process large amounts of data to identify trends, predict future poverty risks, and recommend targeted interventions. That is my challenge to all LGUs across the country. Instead of depending solely on the national government to measure poverty in their areas, LGUs should adopt the MPI method and declare "data independence." By doing so, they can take ownership of poverty reduction efforts and implement localized solutions that directly address the needs of their communities. I wonder which LGU will be the first to declare that they are "poverty-free" based on their own data analysis? More importantly, will they be able to sustain this status through continued efforts and strategic planning? The conversation around poverty measurement is evolving, and by embracing the MPI, we can move towards a more inclusive and effective approach to eradicating poverty in the Philippines. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-08-2025

FOREST CONSERVATION VERSUS TREE PLANTING

FOREST CONSERVATION VERSUS TREE PLANTING One tree does not make a forest. Not even all trees combined could make a forest. Trees are the core of a forest, but a forest is made of more than just trees. It is a living, breathing ecosystem where flora and fauna interact in complex ways, each dependent on the other for survival. The broader ecosystem of a forest makes all life within it interconnected. The loss or weakening of one life form affects the entire ecosystem. For instance, if tall hardwoods disappear, eagles may vanish too, as these trees serve as their nesting grounds. Likewise, trees fertilize each other, and the disappearance of certain tree species weakens the natural fertilization process, impacting the entire plant life of a forest. While tree-planting projects are commendable, simply planting seedlings does not create a forest. Young trees require years of care and nurturing before they can mature and sustain themselves. This is why we must move beyond simple tree planting and focus on complete forest conservation—protecting not just the trees, but the entire ecosystem they support. It is also important to understand the difference between reforestation and afforestation. Reforestation involves planting trees to replace lost ones in an existing forest, while afforestation means planting trees in areas where forests have long disappeared. Both are crucial, but they serve different purposes. So how do we know when a forest is truly alive again? The return of birds, animals, and insects is a key indicator. A thriving forest is not just about trees—it is about restoring the balance of life. While tree planting is beneficial, tree farming can be even better when done scientifically. Properly managed tree farms can ensure sustainable timber production without harming natural forests. This approach allows us to meet our wood needs while preserving our remaining forests. Forest conservation and tree planting are both critical for our planet’s health. Conservation efforts focus on protecting existing forests, ensuring that their biodiversity, carbon storage capacity, and ecosystem services remain intact. Tree planting, on the other hand, helps restore degraded lands and expand green cover, albeit over a much longer time frame. Forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO2 and playing a crucial role in climate change mitigation. However, newly planted forests take years, if not decades, to match the carbon storage capacity of mature forests. Moreover, reforestation and afforestation efforts must prioritize native species to maintain ecological balance. The best approach is to combine conservation and reforestation efforts. Protecting existing forests should be our top priority, but where damage has been done, tree planting can help restore what was lost. What should be our next steps? Strengthening policies for forest protection, enforcing stricter anti-deforestation laws, and promoting responsible tree-planting initiatives are essential. Government organizations, businesses, and individuals must work together to ensure that conservation and reforestation efforts go hand in hand. Ultimately, our forests are invaluable. Their preservation is not just about saving trees; it is about sustaining life itself. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-27-2025

PAPER CAPS FOR PAPER COFFEE CUPS

PAPER CAPS FOR PAPER COFFEE CUPS As the saying goes, it is an idea whose time has come. There was a time when any restaurant, fast food outlet, or coffee shop could use any cap to cover paper cups for any drink, but that time has long gone. Nowadays, people do care if food establishments continue to use plastic caps, especially when paper caps are available as a viable alternative. I think that debate has already been settled. Paper caps are just as good as plastic caps, and they are much friendlier to the environment. There was a time when customers did not care what caps were used to cover their coffee cups, but now they do. Using biodegradable caps is now part of the "coffee experience," so to speak. As I understand it, Starbucks has started using paper caps in many countries. When are they going to start doing it in the Philippines? The technology behind paper caps is not new. The same paper molding technology used to make paper egg trays is probably the same technology being used to manufacture molded paper caps. This means that producing these caps does not require rocket science. If the government were to enforce a law banning plastic caps, the transition should be relatively fast and easy. It is unfortunate that many food establishments have not shifted to paper caps right away, especially since they have been using paper cups for years now. The raw materials for making paper egg trays are mostly recycled, and the same could be applied to paper caps. This means that paper caps could become an industry benefiting from paper recycling, creating new livelihood opportunities for wastepaper collectors. So, what should be our next steps? Perhaps an Executive Order could be issued to encourage the shift, followed by a law from Congress banning the use of plastic caps. Imagine the positive impact this could have on the preservation of marine life and the environment. Why Paper Caps Are a Good Idea: · Reduced Plastic Waste: Traditional plastic coffee cup lids are a major source of pollution. Paper caps provide a biodegradable alternative. · Sustainability: Paper is a renewable resource, particularly when sourced from sustainable forests. Paper caps support a circular economy. · Compostability: Paper caps can be composted along with coffee cups, reducing landfill waste. · Business Image: Companies that switch to paper caps can enhance their eco-friendly branding and appeal to environmentally conscious consumers. Challenges and Considerations: · Moisture Resistance: Paper absorbs liquid, so caps need biodegradable coatings to prevent sogginess. · Heat Resistance: The caps must withstand high temperatures without losing structural integrity. · Cost: Initially, paper caps may be pricier than plastic ones, but economies of scale can help lower costs over time. · Durability: Caps must be strong enough to prevent spills and maintain their shape during use. · Consumer Awareness: Businesses and consumers must be educated about the benefits of paper caps and encouraged to adopt them. Potential Solutions and Innovations: · Biodegradable Coatings: Plant-based coatings can improve moisture and heat resistance. · Molded Fiber Technology: This ensures durability while maintaining eco-friendliness. · Innovative Designs: Better designs can improve functionality and prevent leaks. · Industry Collaboration: Partnering with packaging companies and environmental organizations can streamline the transition to paper caps. In Conclusion: Switching to paper caps for paper coffee cups is a logical, environmentally sound step forward. While there are challenges, innovation and consumer demand are pushing for sustainable alternatives. This shift would not only reduce single-use plastic waste but also open new opportunities for the recycling industry and environmental protection efforts. It’s time for coffee shops, businesses, and governments to act and make paper caps the standard. The sooner we make the switch, the better it will be for our planet. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-26-2025

LET’S BAN ONE-WAY NON-REFILLABLE BALLPENS

LET’S BAN ONE-WAY NON-REFILLABLE BALLPENS One-way non-refillable ballpens, more commonly known as disposable plastic ballpens, are a staple in offices, schools, and homes worldwide. They are convenient, cheap, and easily accessible. But who would bother to care about controlling or banning the sale and use of disposable plastic ballpens? I do. But why should I bother about something that seems so small and trivial? Because it is not as insignificant as it appears. It is estimated that Americans alone throw away about 1.6 billion disposable pens each year. If we extend this to a global scale, the number is astronomical. And while I could not find specific data on how many millions of disposable pens Filipinos discard annually, I am certain that much of it ends up in our lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans. These discarded pens contribute to marine pollution, endanger aquatic life, and add to the growing problem of microplastics. So why am I writing an entire column about this issue? The answer is simple. There is an obvious solution that does not require advanced technology or complex policies—it’s a no-brainer. All we must do is ban disposable ballpens and mandate the use of refillable ballpens, starting with government agencies and public schools. Is that too much to ask? We are not depriving anyone of the ability to write—refillable ballpens perform the exact same function but without harming the environment. Believe me, because I have been doing it. For years, I have been buying and using refillable ballpens, and I have survived, all the while knowing that I am contributing less to plastic pollution. Yes, I agree that one disposable ballpen will not matter much, but this problem is no different from the issue of sachet packaging. A single sachet seems harmless, but billions of them wreak havoc on our environment. While implementing such a ban in the private sector may be challenging, if the government—including all the three branches, independent commissions, and the military—adopts this policy, the impact would already be substantial. Even an Executive Order, which does not require waiting for a legislative act, could significantly reduce plastic waste. Imagine if this directive covered the procurement of ballpens for national government agencies, local government units, and government-owned and controlled corporations. So, what steps should we take next? Should we petition Congress? Or should we approach the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)? While no country currently has specific laws banning disposable ballpens, the global movement against single-use plastics is growing. Some nations, like Kenya, Rwanda, and France, have banned plastic bags, straws, and cutlery. The European Union’s Single-Use Plastics Directive encourages reducing single-use plastic items. While pens are not yet targeted, the push for sustainability is gaining momentum, and it is only a matter of time before writing instruments come under scrutiny. Some countries have introduced Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policies, requiring manufacturers to take responsibility for the lifecycle of their products, including their disposal and recycling. Such policies could encourage pen manufacturers to shift towards more sustainable designs. In the Philippines, the National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC) has already banned “unnecessary” single-use plastics, though disposable pens are not explicitly included. House Bill 9147, which seeks to phase out certain single-use plastic products, could potentially extend to ballpens in the future. Other initiatives, such as the “Pen Drive” in Kerala, India, aim to reduce plastic pen waste by promoting refillable alternatives. If we start by implementing change in government procurement policies, the shift toward refillable pens can create a ripple effect. As awareness grows, businesses and individuals may also adopt sustainable practices. This small change can contribute to a larger movement toward reducing plastic waste. Is it time to push for such a reform? The answer lies in our collective willingness to act. After all, it is just a pen—but millions of discarded pens can either pollute our planet or be replaced with a simple, sustainable alternative. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-25-2025

USING ECONOMETRICS TO SOLVE QUANDARIES IN PUBLIC POLICY MAKING

USING ECONOMETRICS TO SOLVE QUANDARIES IN PUBLIC POLICY MAKING Econometrics: The Hidden Tool Behind Smart Public Policies Econometrics is a technical field that rarely makes headlines, yet its impact on public policy is undeniable. In the Philippines, only a handful of individuals are recognized experts in econometrics, but remarkably, several of them have held key positions in government. Names like Ernesto Pernia, Solita Monsod, Felipe Medalla, and the current National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Secretary, Arsenio Balisacan, are among the few who have used their expertise to shape national policies. However, despite the presence of these experts in leadership roles, econometrics itself is rarely credited as a decision-making tool in public discourse. Why does Secretary Balisacan, with his deep econometric background, not openly advocate for its use in policy formulation at NEDA? The answer may lie in the technical complexity of econometrics, which often makes it inaccessible to the public and to policymakers who favor more straightforward approaches. Why Econometrics Matters in Policy Making Econometrics applies statistical and mathematical models to real-world economic data, allowing policymakers to make informed decisions based on empirical evidence rather than intuition or political pressure. It plays a crucial role in: 1. Assessing Policy Effectiveness – Determining whether policies achieve their intended goals. 2. Forecasting Economic Trends – Predicting the potential impact of new policies. 3. Resource Allocation – Ensuring funds and efforts are directed where they yield the greatest benefit. 4. Monitoring Economic Performance – Providing real-time assessments to adjust strategies as needed. Two Cases Where Econometrics Can Provide Clear Answers 1. The Polymer vs. Abaca Fiber Debate in Currency Production The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) recently replaced abaca-based banknotes with polymer currency, citing durability and security. However, reports suggest polymer bills are still being counterfeited, raising questions about whether the switch was beneficial. Econometrics can be used to analyze the total costs of both materials, factoring in production expenses, environmental impact, and economic benefits for abaca farmers. A rigorous cost-benefit analysis could determine which currency material is truly superior in the long run. 2. Asphalt vs. Cement for Road Construction The Philippines produces large amounts of asphalt as a byproduct of oil refining, yet the government predominantly uses cement for roads. Cement production, however, requires extensive mining, thus harming the environment. Econometric models could compare the long-term costs and benefits of using asphalt versus cement, incorporating factors such as durability, environmental impact, and economic effects on local industries. This data-driven approach would help policymakers make a more sustainable choice. Real-World Success Stories in the Philippines Econometrics has already played a role in shaping major policies, including: Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps): Studies confirmed improved health and education outcomes for beneficiaries. Tax Reforms (CREATE Act 2021): Forecast models supported corporate tax cuts, which encouraged foreign investments. Bangko Sentral Monetary Policy: Inflation control measures were guided by econometric analysis. Renewable Energy Policy: Data-driven studies justified opening the energy sector to foreign investors. The Future of Econometrics in Policymaking Despite its potential, econometrics faces challenges in public governance, including limited data availability, resistance from traditional policymakers, and the complexity of its models. However, greater transparency and investment in training government officials could help integrate econometric insights into mainstream policymaking. By embracing more of econometrics, the Philippines can move towards more evidence-based governance, ensuring that policies are not just politically palatable but also economically sound. The question is: will our leaders take the step to make data-driven decision-making a norm rather than an exception? Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-24-2025

YOU CAN USE THIS PICTURE IF YOU LIKE

PROTECTING OUR WILDLIFE PROTECTED AREAS

PROTECTING OUR WILDLIFE PROTECTED AREAS The Philippines is a biodiversity hotspot, home to countless endemic species and rich ecosystems. However, despite the establishment of wildlife protected areas, our ability to safeguard these critical habitats remains questionable. The former Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) has been renamed the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB), signaling a broader scope in conservation efforts. But does this rebranding come with increased funding? Unfortunately, the budget allocation appears to remain limited, raising concerns about the bureau’s capacity to effectively carry out its mandate. Another critical issue is the absence of a structured and active captive breeding program for endangered wildlife species. Apart from the efforts dedicated to the Philippine Eagle, there appears to be little to no government-driven initiatives for other at-risk species. This is a missed opportunity, as many public and private zoos globally have taken up the role of breeding endangered animals to ensure their survival. Ironically, our so-called "protected" areas are often porous, allowing poachers and illegal hunters easy access. If we cannot even safeguard these designated zones, how can we expect to protect our wildlife? Stronger enforcement and stricter penalties are needed to address these breaches. A major gap exists at the local government level. Not all LGUs have their own veterinarians, which is alarming given their responsibility to support poultry and livestock industries. Beyond economic concerns, the absence of veterinarians means that local governments cannot provide essential veterinary care for stray animals and, more importantly, for wildlife in their jurisdictions. It is reasonable to expect LGUs to extend veterinary care to endangered wildlife, given their role in environmental governance. A recent incident in Negros Island caught my attention—a rare Visayan leopard cat was captured. Upon further research, I found that while a small population of these cats exists in captivity, no active breeding programs are in place. Why are we not making more efforts to protect and repopulate this species? If other countries, like Australia, are investing in reviving extinct species such as the Tasmanian Tiger, surely, we can take steps to bolster the dwindling numbers of the Visayan Leopard Cat before it faces extinction. It does not matter whether the government or private institutions take the lead in these breeding initiatives. If private organizations, like Zoomanity, are already excelling in caring for species such as tigers, why not fund them to spearhead breeding programs? Collaboration between the public and private sectors could yield much-needed conservation successes. Beyond breeding programs, the fundamental issue remains: how do we ensure the protection of our protected areas? Should we mobilize the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) and the Philippine National Police (PNP) to monitor these zones more effectively? Should we introduce higher rewards for those who report and apprehend violators? Our endemic birds also deserve more attention. While the Philippine Eagle receives considerable conservation efforts, other species like the Palawan Pheasant and the Philippine Duck also require urgent protection. If we do not act now, we risk losing these irreplaceable species forever. Encouragingly, some private initiatives have shown promise. For instance, the SM Group purchased a piece of land in Cavite that serves as a habitat for giant clams (Taklobo) and has successfully protected it. This model of private conservation should be encouraged and supported by the government. The Philippines boasts an impressive network of 244 protected areas, including national parks, marine reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. Among the most notable are the Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, and the Philippine Eagle Center. While these areas play a crucial role in conservation, they require better funding, stronger enforcement, and greater community involvement to be truly effective. If we are serious about conserving our biodiversity, we must take decisive action. Whether through government programs, private sector involvement, or stronger enforcement measures, the protection of our wildlife and their habitats should be a national priority. Let’s not wait until it’s too late. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-23-2025

PROTECTING OUR ENDEMIC TURTLES

PROTECTING OUR ENDEMIC TURTLES It was only upon my retirement that I discovered we have native turtles in the Philippines. This realization struck me deeply because it meant that throughout my entire education—from grade school to college—I was never taught about the existence of our own endemic turtle species. How many young Filipinos today, I wonder, know more about turtles through pop culture, such as the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, than about the real ones that inhabit our lands and waters? I am encouraged to see that there are active conservation efforts involving national government agencies (NGAs), local government units (LGUs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs, and church-based initiatives. However, it saddens me that government participation often seems lackluster, as if the private sector is expected to take the lead. While I support multisectoral cooperation, I believe there should be a balanced involvement between the private sector and the government. One major obstacle appears to be the lack of funding for government agencies. Congress could potentially address this issue by increasing the budget allocation for agencies like the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB), which often seems like a modern-day David fighting against the Goliath of environmental destruction with limited resources. I sincerely hope that, as in the biblical story, David will prevail. A long-term solution I see is the establishment of dedicated Biodiversity Management Offices (BMO) in every LGU, separate from the existing Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO). While the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) has been doing commendable work, its hands are already full of broader environmental concerns, making it difficult to focus on specific conservation efforts for endemic species like turtles. As we increase efforts in marine conservation, particularly in protecting sea turtles, we must not neglect our critically endangered forest turtles. The Philippine Forest Turtle (Siebenrockiella leytensis), also known as the Palawan turtle or Leyte Pond turtle, is native to the Palawan Island group. This species is easily recognizable by its ginkgo-shaped vertebral scutes and a pale-yellow line across its head behind the ears. It is a critically endangered species threatened by habitat destruction, illegal wildlife trade, and hunting. The Philippines is home to five of the seven species of marine turtles, commonly known as "pawikan": 1. Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) – primarily herbivorous, feeding on seagrasses and algae. 2. Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) – recognized by its pointed beak, feeding mainly on sponges. 3. Olive Ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) – known for mass nesting behavior, or "arribada." 4. Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) – the largest sea turtle, feeding almost exclusively on jellyfish. 5. Loggerhead Turtle (Caretta caretta) – less common but occasionally found in Philippine waters. These marine turtles play crucial roles in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems. Conservation efforts have been ongoing to protect them from threats such as habitat loss, poaching, and pollution. There are numerous successful conservation projects in the Philippines aimed at protecting both turtles and porpoises: Turtle Conservation Projects: 1. Turtle Islands Heritage Protected Area (TIHPA) – A transboundary conservation effort between the Philippines and Malaysia to protect Green Turtles. (Organizations involved: DENR, LAMAVE) 2. Philippine Freshwater Turtle Conservation Program – Focuses on conserving freshwater turtle populations, including research and education. (Organizations involved: Mabuwaya Foundation, DENR) 3. El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area – Protects Sea turtle nesting sites and migratory routes. (Organizations involved: DENR, LGUs) 4. Pawikan Project in Zambales – A grassroots conservation effort for sea turtles. (Organizations involved: Mead Foundation, Living Planet Aquarium, DENR) 5. San Felipe Sea Turtle Conservation – A community-driven project in Zambales to protect nesting sites. (Organizations involved: Laoag Integrated Fisherfolk Association, Olongapo CENRO) Porpoise Conservation Projects: 1. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Negros Oriental – Community-based conservation areas focusing on marine biodiversity, including porpoises. (Organizations involved: Marine Conservation Philippines, LGUs) 2. Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park – A UNESCO World Heritage Site that serves as a sanctuary for various marine species, including porpoises. (Organizations involved: Tubbataha Management Office, DENR) It is inspiring to see dedicated efforts in protecting these incredible creatures. However, the work does not end here. Education plays a crucial role in ensuring future generations appreciate and safeguard our native wildlife. Perhaps it is time to integrate local biodiversity conservation topics more thoroughly into school curricula so that young Filipinos can grow up knowing that these turtles exist—not just in books, but in our own forests and seas. The Philippines has a unique and diverse ecosystem, and it is our duty to protect it. Our native turtles, both marine and freshwater, are an irreplaceable part of our natural heritage. We must act now to ensure their survival, for their sake and for the health of our environment. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-22-2025

GROWING TUNA IN FISH CAGES: A VISION FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

GROWING TUNA IN FISH CAGES: A VISION FOR FOOD SECURITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH As the saying goes, necessity is the mother of invention. In today’s world, where climate change is affecting natural fish stocks and food security, the need for innovation in aquaculture has never been more urgent. Tuna fish farming is one such solution, and countries like Turkey, Japan, and Spain have already demonstrated its success. Why should the Philippines not follow suit? Being an archipelagic nation, the Philippines enjoys one of the longest coastlines in the world, a natural advantage for aquaculture. While big corporations can easily invest in tuna farming, I hope that farming cooperatives, with the support of national government agencies (NGAs), local government units (LGUs), and corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs, can also participate. This endeavor would not only bolster food security but also generate livelihood opportunities, ultimately contributing to poverty reduction. We have the necessary expertise. There are many Filipino scientists working in private companies, universities, government agencies, and international organizations who can contribute to this initiative. Although the startup phase of tuna fish farming may present hurdles, history has shown that with determination and proper guidance, we can overcome these challenges. When I was a Foreign Service Officer (FSO) at the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), I served as Director for Science and Technology. In that capacity, I worked closely with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) to manage the Balik-Scientist Program, which successfully brought home numerous Filipino experts from abroad. Concurrently, I also led the Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals (TOKTEN) program, a joint initiative between the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and DFA, which likewise facilitated the return of Filipino scientists to contribute to national development. Moreover, under the leadership of Dr. Federico "Poch" Macaranas, our team built a strong network of Filipino scientists through the Science and Technology Advisory Council (STAC), some chapters of which continue to operate today. These experiences affirm my belief that the Philippines has the expertise to make tuna farming a reality. To make this happen, I propose that the government establish an interagency task force, led by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) and composed of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), DOST, DFA, and the University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute (UP-MSI). Additionally, the UP School of Fisheries (UP-SOF) in Miagao, Iloilo, should be involved, given its proximity to the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC), an organization that has long been at the forefront of sustainable fisheries development in the region. The participation of other state universities and colleges (SUCs) with fisheries programs should also be encouraged. We can learn from the successes of other aquaculture ventures, such as those in salmon, tilapia, and milkfish farming. Even container-based fish farming and Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) have shown promising results and could serve as models. While tuna is traditionally caught from the wild, successful ocean fish cage farming has been implemented in various countries. Large, escape-proof cages have been used to grow tuna in their natural environment while mitigating challenges such as predation and disease. Japan, Australia, and Mexico have pioneered ocean cage farming, proving that with proper regulation and technology, sustainable tuna aquaculture is possible. The Philippines is uniquely positioned to lead in this field. We have the resources, the coastline, and the scientific expertise. With the right policies and investments, we can turn tuna farming into a thriving industry, ensuring food security, generating employment, and reinforcing our position as a leader in aquaculture in Southeast Asia. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-21-2025

SERVERS POWERED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: ARE THEY ROBOTS?

SERVERS POWERED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: ARE THEY ROBOTS? Are servers considered obsolete if they are not powered by AI? This is a question that has been gaining relevance in recent years as artificial intelligence (AI) continues to shape the future of computing. AI-driven servers are increasingly being adopted in various industries, but does that mean traditional servers are now outdated? Where exactly is the AI in AI-powered servers? Is it embedded in the firmware, or does it reside in the software that controls the server? The answer is a mix of both. AI-enhanced servers use machine learning algorithms to optimize data processing, security, and resource allocation. They can predict failures, automate workloads, and improve efficiency far beyond what traditional servers can achieve. However, this does not necessarily mean that old servers are entirely obsolete. Many older servers can be upgraded with AI-compatible software to improve performance. Organizations must evaluate whether upgrading existing infrastructure is more cost-effective than replacing it with new AI-driven systems. Another pressing issue is whether government agencies should invest in their own servers or rely on outsourced server hosting services. Hosting in-house servers provides direct control and security, but it requires a significant investment in hardware, maintenance, and skilled personnel. On the other hand, outsourcing to cloud providers can offer flexibility and cost savings but may raise concerns about data security and sovereignty. Speaking of data sovereignty, does the Philippines have a law mandating that government data be stored within its borders? Singapore has clear laws requiring all government data to be hosted in local servers, ensuring national security and data privacy. While the Philippines has data privacy laws, there seems to be no strong equivalent to Singapore's data sovereignty law. Perhaps it is time for lawmakers to consider this issue seriously. As AI-powered servers become more advanced, new ethical and legal questions arise. Could AI eventually make servers more intelligent than humans? The United States is already discussing legislation to regulate AI, and perhaps the Philippines should begin similar deliberations. We need to ensure that AI-driven servers do not become autonomous entities that humans can no longer control. If AI-powered servers evolve into self-learning systems, could they be classified as robots? More importantly, could they become too powerful to regulate? The idea of AI servers behaving independently might seem like science fiction today, but rapid advancements in AI make it a genuine concern for the future. Given these developments, should laws be put in place to hold developers and engineers accountable if AI-driven systems cause harm to society? Balancing scientific progress with national security is a challenge that lawmakers must address. Striking the right balance between technological advancement and regulatory oversight is crucial to ensuring that AI remains a force for good. Ultimately, as AI continues to transform the world of computing, we must stay ahead of the curve with laws and policies that promote responsible AI development. The debate on AI-powered servers is just one part of a larger conversation about how AI will shape our future. Whether they are merely advanced computing machines or the first steps toward true AI-driven automation, one thing is certain: we must be prepared for what comes next. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-20-2025

LAWS AGAINST FAKE NEWS

LAWS AGAINST FAKE NEWS I still remember the time when there was no such thing as fake news. Back then, the world of news reporting and journalism was an orderly one, governed by clear and established rules. Publishers and editors had specific roles, and there were also strict guidelines on what they could and could not do. A news story had to pass through a gauntlet of editors before it could be published. Starting with the copy editor, each editor in the chain of command had the power to kill a story for various reasons—whether due to credibility concerns, ethical considerations, or even personal judgment. Ultimately, the most important factor was the truthfulness of the story, which depended on credible sources and verifiable facts. While journalists could sometimes withhold the identity of their sources, they were still required to include credible quotes, even if those were anonymous. In this system, a journalist's reputation and credibility were always on the line, along with that of their editors. This culture of accountability extended to broadcast media, where producers and directors played the roles of publishers and editors, respectively. With this structured background in mind, the sharp contrast between traditional journalism and social media becomes evident. Social media, unlike traditional media, lacks editorial oversight. Anyone can post any story without undergoing the rigorous screening process of publishers and editors. While traditional media is governed by discipline and accountability, social media is often a free-for-all, resembling the wild west. Of course, there are exceptions. Online news sites like Rappler and the digital versions of broadsheets still maintains editorial oversight. As a result, we can generally presume that traditional media outlets adhere to journalistic standards, ensuring that most published stories are backed by credibility and reputation. Unfortunately, no such safeguards exist for social media, where misinformation and fake news thrive. The good news is that existing libel laws still apply to social media, just as they do to traditional media. However, enforcing these laws presents new challenges. In the past, authorities could easily determine the location of a server to establish the jurisdiction of a cybercrime. Today, with social media platforms operating multiple servers across the globe, pinpointing the location of an offense is much more complex. Despite these difficulties, if the author of a libelous post resides in the Philippines, they can still be prosecuted. On the other hand, pursuing cases against individuals outside the country remains a challenge. Fortunately, many multinational social media companies now have offices in the Philippines, allowing legal notices to be served more efficiently. In the fight against fake news, the best countermeasure is real news. The truth must always prevail. As bad actors begin using artificial intelligence to spread misinformation, responsible journalists and publishers must also harness AI to combat the spread of falsehoods. Additionally, Congress must review and update existing laws against fake news, ensuring they remain relevant in the ever-evolving digital landscape. Several laws and regulations currently address the issue of fake news in the Philippines: 1. Cybercrime Prevention Act (Republic Act 10175) – Penalizes the dissemination of false information through digital platforms. 2. Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act (Republic Act 9995) – Prohibits the spread of manipulated or false media content. 3. National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) Memorandum Circular No. 10-10-2017 – Mandates internet service providers (ISPs) to block fake news websites. 4. Department of Justice (DOJ) Circular No. 17 – Provides guidelines for prosecuting cybercrime cases, including fake news offenses. Additionally, proposed bills such as Senate Bill No. 1680 (Anti-Fake News Act) and House Bill No. 5070 (Anti-Disinformation Act) aim to impose stricter penalties on those who create and spread misinformation. At the international level, the ASEAN Declaration on Fake News underscores the Philippines' commitment to combating misinformation through regional cooperation. Fake news is a growing problem, but it is not an unstoppable one. With updated laws, responsible journalism, and public awareness, we can ensure that truth triumphs over falsehood. May the truth set us free. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-19-2025

PROTECTING THE ENDEMIC PHILIPPINE DUCK

PROTECTING THE ENDEMIC PHILIPPINE DUCK Yes, there is an endemic species of duck in the Philippines, and we must protect it. The Philippine Duck (Anas luzonica) is a unique species found only in our country. But why must we protect it? First and foremost, it is ours. The Philippine Duck is part of our national heritage and patrimony. It symbolizes the rich biodiversity of our islands and is an integral part of our identity as Filipinos. Second, it plays a crucial role in our ecological balance. The Philippine Duck is part of our wetland ecosystems, helping to control insect populations and contributing to the overall health of our environment. Its decline could disrupt the delicate balance of nature. In some areas of Luzon, the loss of duck populations may have already affected local livelihoods. The decrease in ducks may be linked to the decline of shellfish and other aquatic organisms, possibly due to pollution and climate change. Everything in our ecosystem is connected. The loss of one species, such as the native suso (apple snails), can impact another, like the Philippine Duck. Ducks require calcium to lay strong eggs, and a decline in calcium-rich food sources could weaken their eggs, potentially affecting industries like balut production. Balut, a popular street food in the Philippines, is a fertilized duck egg boiled and eaten from the shell. A decline in the native duck population could mean fewer eggs, impacting livelihoods tied to this traditional delicacy. While the Philippine Duck is not yet classified as endangered, it is already considered vulnerable. Must we wait until it reaches endangered status before acting on it? Several threats contribute to its decline, including: · Habitat loss and degradation · Hunting and poaching · Pollution · Climate change · Human disturbance We have laws against hunting and poaching, but how strictly are they enforced? Have you ever heard of anyone being fined or jailed for illegally hunting ducks? And what about pollution? How can we effectively control plastic waste and other pollutants that harm our wetlands, lakes, and rivers? There are ways we can protect the Philippine Duck. Developers could be required to maintain ponds and wetlands to provide safe habitats for these birds. While a postage stamp featuring the Philippine Duck already exists, why not include it on our paper currency as well? Such a move could raise awareness about its importance. The popularity of fried itik (duck) could also pose a threat to the Philippine Duck’s survival. Should we consider incentives for farmers to propagate and protect these ducks rather than hunting them? Identifying local government units (LGUs) where native ducks are present could be a step toward requiring conservation programs at the municipal level. Does the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) have a specific conservation program for the Philippine Duck? If not, perhaps it is time to create one. Protecting our native species is not just about preserving wildlife—it is about securing our environment, livelihoods, and cultural heritage for future generations. Let us act before it is too late. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-18-2025

MY OWN IDEA OF CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGEMENT: HOW I WISH

MY OWN IDEA OF CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGEMENT: HOW I WISH Customer Relations Management (CRM) is more than just a dream for me—it is a vision of seamless, efficient, and customer-friendly service that I long to see implemented, especially in government agencies. While my vision remains a wish, I know it is possible because it is already happening in the private sector. That is why the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry is booming, providing world-class customer service solutions across industries. I appreciate excellent customer service when it happens. I love it when a restaurant waiter checks in to ask if everything is okay. I feel valued when my doctor’s office calls to remind me of my appointment. It is reassuring when a store follows up about a lost item instead of waiting for me to reach out. These experiences make a significant difference in customer satisfaction and trust. However, the irony is glaring. The Philippines is the BPO capital of the world, yet very few government agencies leverage BPO services to enhance their CRM capabilities. Likewise, we are the texting capital of the world, yet we cannot simply text our own government to ask for help or make inquiries. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has taken a step in the right direction by ordering government agencies to operate under a single, interoperable system. This move could significantly improve CRM if properly executed. Every day, I send messages to different government offices and lawmakers via email and social media. Many provide auto-replies but never follow up as promised. I am fortunate to receive responses from the Presidential Management Staff (PMS), which efficiently forwards concerns to relevant agencies. When I reference PMS communications in follow-ups, I get faster responses because it comes from the Office of the President. Similarly, the Office of the House Secretary General diligently refers messages to appropriate committees, where I have seen positive engagement. Yet, direct communication remains a challenge. I have sent numerous Facebook messages to the Office of the President, the Office of the Vice President, the Senate, and the House of Representatives, but rarely receive replies. Individual lawmakers are no different—except for Senator Risa Hontiveros, who personally responds, and Secretary Renato Solidum, who acknowledges inquiries. It seems that the OP/PMS team for answering emails is more efficient. I believe public officials, no matter how busy, should make the effort to respond to emails and social media messages. While internet access is more affordable than before, many people still struggle to afford mobile data. Government agencies should take advantage of widespread "unlimited call and text" promos by providing official mobile numbers for easier communication. Why do most agencies rely solely on landlines when many Filipinos cannot afford them? Mobile connectivity is more practical and accessible. Government offices should publish their cellphone numbers and integrate messaging apps like Viber, WhatsApp, Telegram, and Facebook Messenger. Why not accept Messenger calls like private businesses do? I have personally designed CRM systems that enable 24/7 citizen assistance via text, email, and voice. These systems can answer questions, take suggestions, process registrations, and handle complaints. It is not rocket-science. I am willing to help any national government agency (NGA) or local government unit (LGU) set up their own CRM/BPO system—even for free—if they genuinely want to improve public service. What is my ideal CRM software? It is not something new or groundbreaking. In fact, I wish the government had a system like Alexa or Siri—intelligent virtual assistants capable of providing real-time, accurate responses to public queries. These technologies already exist; they just need to be adapted for public service use. CRM and BPO systems have proven their value in various industries. Even in government, agencies like PhilHealth and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) utilize CRM solutions for better service delivery. Departments like Finance (DOF) and the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) outsource tasks to BPOs to streamline operations. If the private sector can do it, why can’t the public sector? Free and open-source software (FOSS) can also be leveraged for CRM and BPO needs. ERPNext, SuiteCRM, Odoo, and Vtiger provide robust CRM solutions, while ProcessMaker, Bonita BPM, and Camunda offer business process automation tools. These can enhance government efficiency without significant costs. So, my dream CRM system is not far-fetched. It is practical, achievable, and, most importantly, necessary. Government agencies must embrace modern CRM strategies to serve the public better. The technology is available, the need is urgent, and the people deserve it. How I wish this vision could become reality soon. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-17-2025

THE OBSOLESCENCE OF GOVERNMENT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

THE OBSOLESCENCE OF GOVERNMENT INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS Elon Musk recently criticized the state of U.S. government computer systems, describing them as outdated and inefficient. His remarks have sparked discussions worldwide, including in the Philippines, about the state of government technology infrastructure. What exactly did he mean? Based on his comments, he seems to be referring to both outdated hardware and software, including the continued use of COBOL by some U.S. government agencies. COBOL, a programming language developed in the 1950s, is still widely used today, particularly in banking and government institutions. While the language itself is considered obsolete in the modern era of AI-driven computing, the applications built with COBOL continue to function effectively. This raises the question: Is it really the software that is obsolete, or is it the hardware supporting it? Musk may have been pointing to the reliance on legacy systems—Local Area Networks (LANs) that use old servers and workstations instead of leveraging cloud computing. Cloud-based systems are regularly updated and less prone to obsolescence, making them a more modern solution. If that is the case, then the real issue is not just software but the entire ICT infrastructure of government agencies. However, obsolescence is not purely about age. In the ICT sector, the key concern is the Service Level Agreement (SLA) between the client and the service provider. Even if hardware and software are not brand new, they are acceptable if the agreed-upon performance metrics are met. The implication is that software and hardware should not be unnecessarily old or inefficient to the point of failing to deliver required services. A useful analogy is the car rental industry. When you buy a car, it is brand new, but when you rent one, it is usually a used model. What matters is not whether the car is new but whether it runs efficiently. Similarly, the focus should not just be on whether government ICT systems are old but whether they function efficiently and securely. In the Philippine government, the depreciation period for computer hardware is typically set at five years, based on guidelines from the Commission on Audit (COA). This means that hardware older than five years is considered obsolete. A similar depreciation period applies to vehicles, yet many government agencies continue using vehicles well beyond this timeframe if they remain serviceable. The same principle applies to computers—many agencies use them far beyond their supposed obsolescence. In contrast, private corporations often retire computers within three years, as declining performance directly affects productivity and competitiveness. In the Philippine government, where productivity standards are often unclear and competition is nonexistent, there is less pressure to upgrade systems. From a modern perspective, any software that does not incorporate artificial intelligence is already falling behind. AI-driven applications improve efficiency, automate processes, and enhance decision-making. Additionally, energy efficiency is another critical factor—any hardware that consumes excessive power is inefficient and arguably obsolete. The way forward for the Philippine government is to shift towards cloud computing, which eliminates the need for maintaining old servers. Government agencies should also explore "Software as a Service" (SaaS) and "Equipment Lease Agreements" (ELAs) instead of purchasing software and hardware outright. This approach ensures that systems remain up to date without requiring frequent large capital expenditures. Elon Musk’s criticisms serve as a wake-up call. If the U.S. government is struggling with outdated systems, what more for countries like the Philippines? It is time to rethink how we manage government ICT infrastructure to ensure efficiency, security, and long-term sustainability. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-16-2025

TOWARDS PROFESSIONAL CAREER FOREST RANGERS

TOWARDS PROFESSIONAL CAREER FOREST RANGERS The role of Forest Rangers in the Philippines is both essential and complex, yet their professional status remains unclear. While the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) employs some career government employees as Forest Rangers, others work as casual employees, part-time workers, or even volunteers. This mix of employment types creates confusion regarding their authority, job security, and benefits. Additionally, Barangay Ranger Officers (BROs) operate in the same forests, further complicating the structure of forest protection efforts. In contrast, the United States has a more defined system. The U.S. Forest Service (USFS) employs career Forest Rangers, some of whom serve as Law Enforcement Officers (LEOs) with police powers. However, not all the Forest Rangers in the USFS are armed or hold law enforcement responsibilities. Furthermore, the USFS is distinct from the National Park Service, which employs Park Rangers with different mandates. In the Philippines, it is impractical to separate forest and park services due to budget constraints. The former Parks and Wildlife Bureau (PAWB), now reorganized as the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB), once aimed for such a distinction. However, given the threats posed by armed illegal loggers, poachers, and other criminal elements, the Philippine Forest Rangers should be armed and granted police powers to effectively protect our forests. Without these powers, they remain vulnerable. To professionalize the role of the Philippine Forest Rangers, we must ensure that they become full-time, fully paid, and salaried employees with complete government benefits. A viable model to follow is the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), a civilian agency whose members are armed and possess certain police powers. This approach would ensure that the Philippine Forest Rangers are equipped to handle law enforcement roles while maintaining conservation duties. Additionally, recruitment efforts should focus on indigenous peoples, tenured migrants, and informal settlers already residing in forest areas. Many of these individuals, including former slash-and-burn farmers (kaingeros) and charcoal makers, could be employed as official protectors of the environment. By giving them a legitimate source of income, illegal activities could be curtailed, and conservation efforts strengthened. Moreover, while the protection of mangrove areas and coastal forests should primarily fall under the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), support from the PCG would be beneficial in securing these ecosystems from destruction. Lastly, the Civil Service Commission (CSC) should ensure that the Philippine Forest Rangers have employment protection and career progression opportunities. Perhaps this new agency could coexist with the BMB, but with clearer mandates and legal authority. The time has come to professionalize and empower our Forest Rangers. By addressing employment status, legal authority, and recruitment strategies, we can build a sustainable and effective forest protection force. Without this shift, our forests will remain at the mercy of illegal loggers, poachers, and environmental degradation. The call to action is clear—it's time to establish a professional career pathway for the Philippine Forest Rangers. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-15-2025

IN SUPPORT OF PHILIPPINE COOPERATIVES

IN SUPPORT OF PHILIPPINE COOPERATIVES Cooperatives are a powerful force for economic empowerment, social progress, and poverty reduction in the Philippines. As of the latest count, there are between 18,000 and 20,000 registered cooperatives in the country. These cooperatives fall under the jurisdiction of agencies like the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA), the Office of Transport Cooperatives (OTC), and the National Electrification Administration (NEA). The CDA is responsible for registering both Single-Purpose Cooperatives (SPCs) and Multi-Purpose Cooperatives (MPCs). While SPCs serve a singular function, MPCs offer multiple services, benefiting members in diverse ways. It is in the best interest of SPCs to consider transitioning to MPC status, allowing them to expand their reach and impact. Although transport and electric cooperatives are typically SPCs, they too can broaden their services through innovations in Information and Communications Technology (ICT). By offering training, financing, and marketing services, these SPCs can operate more like MPCs, maximizing their value to members. The Philippines should encourage the growth of more MPCs, as they provide a viable strategy for economic development. More MPCs mean more Filipinos can earn and save money—an effective grassroots approach to combating poverty. Cooperative members benefit by selling their goods and services within their own network and saving money through cooperative purchasing. Not only do they buy essential goods at lower costs, but they also receive patronage rebates and annual dividends. Cooperatives also have the potential to form closed economic ecosystems. Many co-ops produce their own food and distribute it among their members, fostering self-sufficiency. Furthermore, cooperatives can significantly contribute to import reduction by producing locally made goods, including food products that would otherwise be imported. One common concern is whether small cooperatives can compete with large supermarkets. The answer is a resounding yes! Cooperatives can provide fresher, locally sourced, and often cheaper products than big retail chains. By doing so, they not only create jobs but also foster economic inclusivity. And while cooperatives can compete with supermarkets, they can also co-exist, each catering to their respective customer bases. To ensure the continued growth of cooperatives, it is essential to strengthen local governance support. According to the law, all local government units (LGUs) are required to establish cooperative development offices. There should be a system in place to monitor compliance with this mandate. Moreover, LGU cooperative offices should actively collaborate with LGU offices focused on small and medium enterprise (SME) development to align goals and share resources. Another key aspect of cooperative growth is the role of federations such as the National Confederation of Cooperatives (NATCCO), which serves as the largest cooperative federation in the country. NATCCO provides crucial services, including training, financial assistance, and technology solutions, to its member cooperatives. Additionally, it is linked to the COOP-NATCCO Partylist, which represents cooperative interests in Congress, ensuring that pro-cooperative policies and legislation are advanced. Housing cooperatives have also played a significant role in providing affordable housing solutions. Programs like the NATCCO Housing Cooperative Program and the Bahaynihan Program have successfully built sustainable housing projects in areas like Leyte, Iloilo, and Quezon City. These cooperatives are funded through a combination of member contributions, government programs (such as Pag-IBIG Fund and the National Housing Authority), partnerships with financial institutions, and international support. The potential of cooperatives extends to many other sectors. In agriculture, cooperatives provide farmers with access to modern technology, financing, and direct market connections, reducing their reliance on middlemen. Meanwhile, in the insurance sector, cooperatives offer mutual benefits to members through shared-risk models, lowering costs while ensuring financial protection. While not all cooperatives need to transition into MPCs, diversification presents a compelling advantage. MPCs can provide financial services, retail opportunities, agricultural support, and various livelihood programs—all under one entity. However, this transition requires proper management, financial resources, and leadership development. Ultimately, cooperatives are a cornerstone of inclusive economic growth. They provide Filipinos with opportunities to generate income, lower their costs of living, and contribute to the country’s overall economic resilience. The challenge now is to create an enabling environment that supports cooperative growth, ensures proper governance, and promotes collaboration between cooperatives and local government agencies. Let us continue to champion cooperatives and recognize their vital role in empowering Filipino communities. By strengthening the cooperative movement, we take a step toward a more self-sufficient, sustainable, and equitable future for all. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-14-2025

FIGHTING CORRUPTION AND KNOWING THE ENEMY

FIGHTING CORRUPTION AND KNOWING THE ENEMY Among marketing professionals, a well-known rule of thumb is that before promoting a product, one must first understand it inside and out. Another unwritten rule follows: "Know the enemy," meaning to analyze the competition in detail. These principles apply not only to marketing but also to one of society’s most pressing challenges: corruption. But who, exactly, is the enemy in the fight against corruption? Is it a hidden syndicate operating from the shadows? Or is it something much closer to home? Walt Kelly’s famous quote from his comic strip Pogo comes to mind: "We have met the enemy, and he is us." As unsettling as it is, corruption is often not just the work of sinister organizations—it is embedded in everyday actions, norms, and even the mindset of ordinary people who live by double standards. Speak to some government employees, and you might hear that bribes are part of "kalakalan"—a way of life. Corruption has become so ingrained that it is perceived as a cultural norm rather than a crime. Estimates suggest that around 20% of the Philippine national budget—roughly ₱700 billion—is lost to corruption annually. This staggering amount could otherwise fund essential services like housing, healthcare, and food security. Efforts to combat corruption are ongoing through reforms, transparency initiatives, and public accountability. Yet, the true scale of corruption is difficult to quantify. Some experts argue that it could be even higher than 20%, as much of it remains undetected. The challenge is not a lack of laws—the Philippines has the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act (RA 3019), the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees (RA 6713), and agencies like the Office of the Ombudsman and the Commission on Audit (COA)—but weak enforcement, lack of political will, and systemic corruption prevail. Could it be that corruption is driven by greed? Do people become corrupt when they exchange their love for God with the love of riches? Perhaps they do not realize that they begin to idolize money, leading to a conflict between serving God and serving wealth. The Bible warns: "You cannot serve both God and Mammon." (Matthew 6:24). Eventually, corruption becomes a moral choice between love for God and love for money. Christian teachings suggest that corruption leads to graft—the act of misusing public office for personal gain. Philippine law recognizes graft as a subset of corruption, criminalizing acts such as bribery, undue advantage, and abuse of power. Yet, for many who engage in corruption, stealing from the government is no longer seen as theft but as "kalakalan"—a routine practice. Some even justify their actions by donating a portion of stolen money to religious institutions, believing this compensates for their wrongdoing. The Philippines has multiple anti-corruption agencies, including the Presidential Anti-Corruption Commission (PACC) and the Office of the Ombudsman. These institutions work on programs such as Project Kasangga and the National Anti-Corruption Program of Action (NACPA) to address corruption. However, despite these efforts, many corrupt individuals go unpunished due to political interference, weak enforcement, or lack of resources. At its core, systemic corruption is not just a series of isolated incidents but a deeply embedded practice affecting all levels of governance. When bribery, favoritism, and embezzlement become routine, accountability erodes, public trust weakens, and essential services suffer. To break this cycle, reforms must strengthen institutions, enhance transparency, and foster a culture of accountability. So, who is the enemy in this fight against corruption? Is it not those who have chosen the love of money over the love of God? Perhaps these individuals still attend church while maintaining double standards, believing they can serve two masters. But corruption is not just a legal issue—it is a moral and cultural battle. The real challenge is to transform mindsets, enforce laws with integrity, and ensure that corruption is not just condemned but eradicated from daily life. Only then can we hope for a nation where integrity prevails over greed. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-13-2025

GROWING RAINFED GRAINS FOR FOOD SECURITY

GROWING RAINFED GRAINS FOR FOOD SECURITY There are two realities I feel compelled to talk about — two facts you probably already know, but I need to say them out loud to clear my conscience. Sometimes, the obvious things are the ones we need to confront the most. The first reality is this: the rice varieties we are consuming today are heavily dependent on irrigation. This means they need a constant supply of fresh water to survive and thrive. While we may not always think about it, this reliance on irrigation makes rice cultivation increasingly unsustainable — especially in a time when water is becoming scarcer. The second reality is even more urgent. Freshwater — not just for irrigation but for drinking, cooking, and all aspects of life — is becoming more limited. Many areas in our country already face periodic droughts, and climate change is making this threat worse. We may soon find ourselves asking: do we use our dwindling water to grow rice, or do we save it for drinking and other essential needs? What would you choose? Here’s another question to ponder: what happens if we manage to produce rice, but we don’t have enough water left to cook it? This may sound far-fetched, but it’s a possibility our leaders must seriously consider if we want true food security. Speaking of national policies, I wonder if it’s true that Israel made the bold decision to stop growing rice altogether because of its high-water demand. Instead, they shifted to growing crops like oranges, which require far less water and bring in higher profits. The money they earn from exporting oranges helps them import rice from countries with abundant water. Whether or not we follow that model, it’s clear we need to rethink how we manage both our food and water resources. Let me be clear: I am not suggesting that we should stop growing or eating rice. Rice is part of our culture, our history, and our daily meals. What I am suggesting is that we diversify. Alongside rice, we should start incorporating other grains into our diet — grains that are less water-intensive, and grains that can grow using only rainwater. The good news is, we already have options. There are rice varieties that don’t need irrigation. Some rainfed varieties, like PSB Rc18 and NSIC Rc194, can thrive with just rainfall. These varieties were specifically developed for rainfed conditions and can even tolerate temporary flooding or drought. In fact, many grains grow well in rainfed areas — not just rice. Corn, sorghum, and millet are excellent examples of rainfed crops. They grow well in both lowland and upland areas, without requiring irrigation. This brings me to another point: much of our land is made up of hills and mountains — ideal terrain for upland crops. Upland rice varieties, for example, do not need irrigation at all. They survive purely on rainfall. If we planted more of these upland varieties, we could expand our grain production without adding pressure to our water resources. One underappreciated grain is Adlai, also known as Job’s Tears. This traditional Southeast Asian crop grows well in both rainfed and irrigated fields. Adlai is nutritious, gluten-free, and has a low glycemic index, making it a healthy alternative to rice. It also has a pleasant, nutty flavor and a chewy texture, perfect for soups, salads, or as a rice substitute. Another promising option is Quinoa, which I personally enjoy. Technically a seed rather than a grain, quinoa is incredibly versatile and can grow in rainfed or irrigated conditions. It’s high in protein and nutrients, and gluten-free. With a little creativity, quinoa could easily become part of our local cuisine. But why stop at grains? Root crops like potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, and taro are also excellent rainfed crops. These staples were once dietary mainstays in many regions, and they deserve a comeback — especially in the face of climate change. How about bread? If we improve our processing capabilities, we could start making bread using local flours from moringa, sweet potatoes, cassava, and taro — reducing our dependence on imported wheat. Our path to food security does not lie in abandoning rice, but in reducing our vulnerability by embracing diversity. By growing and eating a variety of grains, roots, and seeds, we can ensure that no matter how erratic the rainfall or how limited our water supply, we will still have food on our tables. In this regard, we should also investigate salt-tolerant grains, especially for coastal communities already affected by saltwater intrusion. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has developed saline-tolerant rice varieties like Salinas 1 and Salinas 9, which thrive even in fields touched by seawater. Varieties like NSIC Rc182 also show great promise. There’s no single solution to food security but growing rainfed grains — and making sure they find their way to our plates — is a good start. If we begin now, we can build a food system that is more resilient, more diverse, and less dependent on irrigation. The bottom line? Let’s not wait for a full-blown water crisis to rethink our food choices. Our future meals depend on the decisions we make today — so let’s make them wisely. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-12-2025

INTEGRATING LIVELIHOOD, COOPERATIVES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS AT LOCAL LEVELS

INTEGRATING LIVELIHOOD, COOPERATIVES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS AT LOCAL LEVELS Across many Local Government Units (LGUs) in the Philippines, there are three distinct yet overlapping programs in place: livelihood programs, cooperatives development programs, and entrepreneurship programs. Each of these was undoubtedly formed with good intentions, but I cannot help but observe a lack of integration among them. It may partly be a matter of semantics, but when you take a closer look, the objectives of these three often overlap. Many livelihood projects are best organized using the cooperative model, while entrepreneurship programs often result in livelihood outcomes for individuals and families. They exist in the same ecosystem — all focused on empowering communities through economic activity. This scenario became even more complicated with the passage of the Go Negosyo Act (Republic Act No. 10644), which requires every LGU to establish a Negosyo Center Office (NCO). These NCOs are designed to serve as support hubs for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) — providing business registration assistance, advisory services, and training programs to promote entrepreneurship. Interestingly, the Go Negosyo Act was inspired by the private sector-led Go Negosyo Movement, which aims to foster entrepreneurship among Filipinos. However, long before the law was passed, many LGUs were already running livelihood programs and cooperative development programs that aimed to achieve similar goals — helping residents start businesses, generate income, and become self-sufficient. This raises a fundamental question: If livelihood, cooperatives, and entrepreneurship programs are all trying to uplift local economies, why are they being implemented separately? Wouldn’t it make more sense to integrate them into a cohesive, streamlined approach at the local level? Some distinctions are worth noting, but they need not create unnecessary divisions. In theory, not all small business owners are entrepreneurs, since entrepreneurship requires an innovation component — the creation of something new, whether a product, service, or process. However, in practice, this distinction has blurred. Whether they are called entrepreneurs or small business owners, the important thing is that they generate profits and create economic value. Similarly, a cooperative can function like a small business, only with a different ownership structure. Cooperatives are owned by their members, and decisions are made democratically. In contrast, corporations — another type of business structure — operate under a more traditional shareholder model. Cooperatives register with the Cooperative Development Authority (CDA), while corporations register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). But aside from these technical differences, both models serve the same purpose: to pool resources and create economic opportunities for their members. With the mandatory establishment of Negosyo Centers, LGUs have no choice but to comply with the law. However, rather than seeing NCOs as just another layer of bureaucracy, LGUs should view them as an opportunity to consolidate and streamline their existing programs. One practical solution would be for LGUs to enact local ordinances officially declaring that their Negosyo Centers will also perform the functions of their Livelihood Development Offices and Cooperative Development Offices. This would create a single office handling all aspects of MSME support — from individual entrepreneurs to cooperative ventures, to community-based livelihood projects. Such integration would reduce duplication, improve coordination, and enhance service delivery. This integrated approach could also leverage national programs such as the SME Roving Academy (SMERA), which provides continuous learning and business development services for MSMEs. Supported by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) through its Bureau of Small and Medium Enterprise Development (BSMED), SMERA already partners with LGUs to provide capacity-building programs at the local level. The synergy doesn’t have to end there. Livelihood Seeding Programs like the Negosyo Serbisyo sa Barangay (LSP-NSB) already encourage collaboration between Negosyo Centers and LGU-based Livelihood Development Offices to identify and support MSMEs in barangays. If this model of collaboration could be institutionalized and expanded, it could become the standard for integrated MSME development at the local level. At the end of the day, whether we call them livelihood projects, cooperative businesses, or entrepreneurial ventures, they all contribute to the same goal: uplifting local economies and improving the lives of ordinary Filipinos. By aligning and integrating these programs under a unified framework, LGUs can maximize resources, expertise, and outcomes — making it easier for aspiring entrepreneurs, cooperative members, and livelihood beneficiaries to navigate government support systems and succeed in their ventures. With former Senator Bam Aquino’s advocacy for Negosyo Centers, the legal and institutional framework for this integration already exists. What’s needed now is the political will and administrative creativity at the LGU level to break down the silos between livelihood, cooperatives, and entrepreneurship programs — and bring them together under one roof. In the end, integration is not just a matter of efficiency, it’s about creating a more responsive, accessible, and effective support system for the people who need it the most — the small business owners, the aspiring entrepreneurs, and the cooperative members working hard to build better futures for themselves and their communities. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-11-2025

PROVIDING INHALERS FOR CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA

PROVIDING INHALERS FOR CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA Asthma remains a common yet serious condition affecting thousands of Filipino children, especially in poorer communities. The good news is that PhilHealth now covers the cost of asthma inhalers for all patients who need them—not just indigent children. This is a welcome step toward ensuring that every child struggling to breathe can access this lifesaving device. However, the sad reality is that many of the patients who need inhalers are unaware that they could get them for free from PhilHealth. Others might have heard about this benefit but are unsure how to claim it. Based on my own experience talking to indigent families, I’ve found that many are too shy or intimidated by the application process. Some believe they need the help of a "patron" or someone with government connections to secure these benefits. This misconception must end. All eligible patients—rich or poor—have the right to these inhalers, with or without a political backer. And thanks to PhilHealth’s Konsulta Program, medical consultations are now also free. This is a critical piece of the puzzle because without proper diagnosis from a doctor, many children with asthma remain undiagnosed and untreated. But there’s another hurdle: even when indigent parents muster the courage to visit a doctor and secure a prescription, they often worry about the cost of the inhalers themselves. They may not know that PhilHealth can reimburse these costs—or they fear they’ll need to pay upfront, which is difficult for families struggling to afford even the most basic needs. For hospitalized asthma cases, this isn’t such a problem because the cost of inhalers can be included in the hospital bill covered by PhilHealth. But for outpatient cases, it’s more complicated. Patients typically need to pay first and claim reimbursement later—a process that’s both intimidating and financially impossible for many indigent families. In some Rural Health Units (RHUs), there may be stocks of inhalers available for immediate distribution. This is ideal—but unfortunately, not all RHUs have these supplies. Worse, there’s no clear way for patients to find out which RHUs have inhalers available and which do not. This lack of information flows into a larger issue: undiagnosed asthma cases among indigent children. Many children who should be getting regular asthma care slip through the cracks because their parents never bring them to a doctor for check-ups in the first place. This is a missed opportunity, especially since the 4Ps program already requires both mothers and children to undergo free regular health check-ups. Why not use these mandatory check-ups to screen for asthma? But government action alone will not solve this. This is where we, the public, come in. I would like to mobilize netizens—both young and old—to actively search for indigent children with asthma in their communities and bring them to RHUs for diagnosis and treatment. If we know a child is struggling to breathe, we cannot wait for government outreach; we must step in and act. I am also calling on all mayors to provide funding to their RHUs to stock inhalers for indigent children. This would not be a permanent cost burden because PhilHealth can reimburse these expenses, effectively creating a revolving fund that replenishes itself. At the same time, I urge all teachers—who know their students best—to submit lists of indigent children suspected of having asthma to their local governments so these children can be evaluated and, if necessary, provided with inhalers. This is not just about healthcare access. It’s about justice. It would be a terrible waste if the government already has programs and resources in place to help these children, yet they fail to benefit simply because no one told them these benefits exist. Let’s work together. We all have a role to play in ensuring that no child gasps for air because they couldn’t access a simple inhaler. Whether you are a parent, teacher, barangay official, or just a concerned citizen, you can help spread awareness, assist families with PhilHealth claims, or simply bring children to their nearest health center. We already know which inhalers work. We also know that PhilHealth covers asthma treatments—up to ₱9,000 for hospitalized cases and ₱6,300 for outpatient cases. We have the tools, the medicines, and the programs. Now, we just need to make sure they reach the children who need them the most. We must make sure no child in the Philippines is ever forced to endure the terror of an asthma attack without access to the lifesaving medication they need. This is a call to action—not just for government, but for all of us. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-10-2025

MONITORING THE NATIONAL GREENING PROGRAM

MONITORING THE NATIONAL GREENING PROGRAM The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) has long declared the National Greening Program (NGP) as a success. According to official reports, the NGP has rehabilitated millions of hectares of denuded forests, planted millions of trees, and provided livelihoods to thousands of upland communities. On paper, it’s an impressive achievement. However, as with many government programs, the real picture is often shrouded in uncertainty. But for now, we could adopt a “presumption of regularity” — the legal fiction that everything is in order unless proven otherwise. But why rely on presumption when we can demand transparency? Surely, the DENR has modern tools at its disposal — drones, satellites, and online databases capable of tracking the progress of the NGP in near real-time. If these tools are already in use, why not open the data to the public? Why not allow everyone — from scientists to students to community leaders — to see how much of our once-brown landscapes have truly turned green? A simple yet powerful suggestion would be to provide “before and after” photographs of NGP sites. Show us how barren hillsides have blossomed into forests. Let us marvel at how mudflats have been transformed into thriving mangrove forests. Transparency inspires trust — and action. Speaking of mangroves, are they officially part of the NGP portfolio? If so, the DENR could easily highlight their progress. The importance of mangroves as natural storm barriers and marine nurseries is well understood. Show us how much has been planted — and more importantly, how much has survived and thrived. Beyond mangroves, secondary forests — those emerging woodlands regenerating beyond the coastlines — deserve attention too. What species are growing there? Are we nurturing native trees, or are we seeing a dangerous over-reliance on fast-growing exotics? These are crucial questions, not just for biodiversity, but for the resilience of these forests in the face of climate change. Drone footage and satellite images are excellent tools for monitoring forest cover, but tree counts still matter. How many seedlings have survived? How many have grown into saplings? And how many have matured into full-fledged trees? Crucially, what species are they? The public has a right to know whether our forests are being rebuilt with Narra, Molave, and Lauan, or merely with Acacia and Mahogany. It’s also time we shift the narrative from tree planting to tree growing. Anyone can plant a seedling — but growing a tree requires long-term care, protection, and nurturing. How does the DENR ensure that planted seedlings really thrive? What are the survival rates in NGP sites? These are the hard numbers that matter. It’s not a question of distrust, but let’s be honest — programs like the NGP are vulnerable to inflated figures and creative reporting. Seedlings can disappear. Reports can be fabricated. Remote forests are difficult to monitor, making it easy for ghost reforestation projects to exist on paper. That’s why independent validation is critical. Drone and satellite feeds should be supplemented by aerial inspections, preferably involving LGUs, civil society, and even the private sector. After all, these forests exist within local jurisdictions, and mayors should play a direct role in monitoring and safeguarding them. Moreover, the success of the NGP shouldn’t just be measured in hectares covered or seedlings planted. True success lies in the return of wildlife — the resurgence of birds, mammals, and other creatures that call forests home. In the case of mangroves, marine life should also bounce back. The DENR should be required to track and report on biodiversity recovery as part of its performance metrics. Perhaps it’s time to get creative. Could the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) assist in monitoring coastal reforestation sites? Could the Philippine Air Force (PAF) conduct regular aerial surveys of mountain forests? If government resources are stretched thin, could private drone operators, boat owners, helicopter pilots, and even hobbyists volunteer their time and equipment for independent audits? We also live in the age of big data. Why not purchase high-resolution imagery and environmental data from providers like www.planet.com, which maintains a daily photographic record of the Earth’s surface? Real-time data could provide invaluable insights into the NGP’s actual progress. The NGP is more than just a tree-planting project. It is a litmus test for how serious we are about environmental restoration, climate resilience, and sustainable development. If the NGP is truly succeeding, then let that success shine — transparently, clearly, and publicly. After all, forests grow best in the sunlight — and so does accountability. Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com 04-09-2025